adv.
不。
1.〔谓语、句子的否定语〕 (a)用作助动词的否定式时，常略作 n't: isn't, aren't, wasn't, weren't, haven't, hasn't, hadn't, don't , doesn't, didn't, won't , wouldn't, shan't , shouldn't, can't , mayn't, mightn't, mustn't , oughtn't, needn't, daren't, used+更多解释...n't. (b) 和其他动词连用时。 古语通常放在动词之后，现代语则与 do, does 连用以示否定；〔古语〕 I know not ＝〔书面语〕 I do not know＝〔口语〕 I don't know; 〔疑问形式〕 Is it not, Will you not, Do you not (go)?＝〔口语〕 Isn't it Won't you Don't you(go)?
2.〔谓语以外的词、短语、从句的否定〕 (a)〔在 Litotes (婉转反语法)及 Periphrasis (委婉语)中〕 not a few 不少。 not a little 不少。 not once or [nor] twice 不只一二次，好几次，屡次。 not reluctant 非常高兴；极乐意。 not seldom 常常。 not without some doubt 带着几分怀疑。 (b)〔用于分词不定式之前以示否定〕 I begged him not to go out. 我要求他不要出去。 N- knowing, I cannot say. 我不知道，所以说不出来。
3.〔以单词用作全句的否定〕 not any＝no, none. not anybody ＝nobody. not anyone＝no one. not anything＝nothing. not anywhere＝nowhere. not either＝ neither. not ever＝never. not nearly＝by no means. Will he come - N- he (＝ No, he won't)! 他会来吗？ --他不会(来)。 The French will not fight, not they. 法国人恐怕不会打，他们不会打。
4.〔与 all, both 和 every 等连用，表示部分否定〕 N- everyone can succeed. 不是人人都会成功的。 All is not gold that glitters. 发亮的东西不一定都是黄金。 I don't know both. 我并非两方面都知道〔只知道一方面〕。
5.〔否定的句子、动词、从句等的省略代用语〕 Is he ill - N- at all 他病了吗？ --一点也没病。 Right or not, it is a fact. 不管对不对，那是事实。 Is he ill - I think not. 他是病了吗？ --我想不是病。 Will it rain tomorrow - I hope not. 明天会下雨吗？ --希望不会。
6.〔在动词 believe, expect, fancy, fear, hope, imagine, suppose, think, trust, 副词 perhaps, probably, absolutely 等，和词组 be afraid 等后面以代表其后所否定的从句〕 I don't think it is now five o'clock yet. 我认为现在还不到五点钟。
短语和例子
if not 不然的话。 not a 一个也不…(N- a man answered. 一个人也没有回答。 not a breath of air 一丝丝风也没有)。 N- at all 〔英语〕 (=〔美国英语〕 You are welcome). 哪里的话，别客气。 not ... but 不是…而是… (He is not my son, but my nephew. 他不是我的儿子，而是我的侄儿)。 not but that [what ...] not 〔古语〕＝but 然而还是，虽然，但不是不…(I cannot do it, not but that a stronger man might. 我不能做，但并不是说比我强的人也不能做)。 not dry behind the ears 〔美俚〕无经验的；乳臭未干的；不成熟的；未学坏的。 not having [taking] any 〔美俚〕无意于，不打算干(Risk my life jaywalking - No! I'm not having any. 要我冒生命危险违章穿过马路吗？--对不起!我不干)。 not my funeral 〔美俚〕不关我事，不是我的责任。 not only ... but (also) 不仅…而且…。 not so 不是那样。 not so hot 〔美俚〕并不怎样好[聪明、漂亮、有趣、成功]；普普通通。 not sufficient 〔银行退票用语〕(存数)不足〔略 N. S.〕。 not that ... 并不是 ((It is) not that I dislike you. 并非是我讨厌你。 If he said so - not that he ever did - he lied. 他要是那样说--并不是说他那样说过--他便撒谎了)。 not that ... but that ... 不是(因为)…而是(因为)…。 N- that I know of. 据我所知并不是这样。 not with it 〔美俚〕局外人。
