backward linkage中文什么意思

• 向后联系
• 向后连系率

• backward:    adj. 1.向后方的，向后的。 2 ...
• linkage:    n. 1.联系；连锁；联动；连接。 ...
• backward linkage effect:    向后联锁效果; 向后联系效应; 向后 ...

例句与用法

1. Backward linkage effect
   向后连系效应
2. The policies choice by host country to promoting backward linkages in international investment
   论国际投资中东道国后向关联促进政策的选择
3. The export winners failed to form any backward linkages with the rest of the economy
   这两项出口大赢家却失于与其余的经济结构产生反向的连结。
4. Demonstration and replication effects are refer to the local foreign - funded enterprises which have more than advanced technology and products for local enterprises have a role model ; competitive effects are the increasing pressure that the original foreign bringing to . the situation is that domestic rivals have to raise their technological level ; contact effect refers the direct interaction between enterprises outside purely market transactions , including forward linkages and backward linkages ; effect refers to the movement of foreign - funded training skilled workers 、 managers entering in host country , or foreign - funded staff in the host country having a certain level of technology after the " switch " to domestic enterprises
   示范和模仿效应指由于外资企业有比当地企业更为先进的技术和产品,从而对当地企业产生了示范作用;竞争效应指外资企业打破了市场原有的均衡,增加竞争压力,迫使国内竞争对手提高技术水平,使国内企业在竞争中壮大,并引起当地企业的模仿;联系效应指的是纯粹的市场交易以外的企业间相互影响的直接关系,它包括向前联系和向后联系;人员的流动效应指的是外资企业培训的技术工人、管理人员进入东道国国内;或东道国内的外资企业工作人员在掌握了一定的技术水平后经过“跳槽”后为国内企业服务。