Through studying the working mechanism of the composing , the paper referred the bearing ' s analyzing model and designing flow . through shearing test of high damping rubber , the paper analyzes the influence of shearing shape , shearing strain range and inspiriting frequence on the characteristic parameters ( dynamic shear elastic module , dissipation engineering module , wasted gene ) . according to the rule of equivalent energy , the paper gets the hysteretic curve of hdr ' s equivalent bilinear model and parameters ' calculating formula 本论文通过对这种分离式减震支座各组成部分工作机理的研究，提出了该分离式减震支座整体的计算分析方法和设计流程；通过高阻尼橡胶剪切试验，分析了高阻尼橡胶剪切面形状、剪应变幅值、激励频率和试件高度对特征参数(动态剪切弹性模量、耗能模量、损耗因子)的影响。
And finally , sem has been used to characterize the fracture . the results indicate that the relationship between the fatigue lifetime and cyclic plastic strain range obeys coffm - manson relation , and the relation between the hysteresis energy ( wn ) and the plastic strain range ( p ) can be described by a power - law : wh = h pw 但在室温下， r向及t向试样具有相同的循环特性，均表现为随应变幅的不同而不同，当应变幅高于0 . 8时，呈现出先循环硬化而后循环软化直至最后断裂的现象。
So it is very important to understand the cyclic deformation behavior of zircaloy - 4 . in this paper , bauschinger effect of zircaloy - 4 with different metallurgical state at room temperature and 400 ? is investigated in an incremental step test and cyclic deformation test under constant strain control . bauschinger effect during cyclic deformation is described by using back stress , which is mainly responsible for bauschinger effect ; back stress is attained by using kwl " s method 本文采用单试样逐级加载循环变形和恒应变幅循环变形试验，研究了不同冶金状态、温度、氢以及固溶处理下的zr - 4合金的bauschinger效应现象；种种结果表明，影响bauschinger效应的主要因素是背应力；本文正是从背应力的角度来分析各种状态下zr - 4合金的bauschinger效应现象；背应力的计算主要通过使用kwl方法而获得。
In this dissertation , the effect of texture , heat - treatment , and hydrogen on the lcf behavior of zircaloy - 4 and the cyclic deformation behavior for zircaloy - 4 , n18 alloy and n36 alloy have been investigated systematically using fully - reversed tension - compression loading under strain control ( r = min / max = - 1 ) , while the evolvement of the friction and back stresses versus the number of repeated working cycles and the plastic strain amplitude has been studied , and the thorough discussion combined with the analysis result of fatigue sub - structure , friction and back stresses , and fatigue fracture has been given to the mechanism underlying the lcf behavior of alloys 本文采用对称拉压循环变形方法( r _ = _ ( min ) _ ( max ) = - 1 ) ，系统研究了织构、热处理状态、氢对zr - 4合金低周疲劳性能的影响， zr - 4合金、 n18合金和n36合金的循环变形行为，并研究了摩擦应力、背应力随循环周次、塑性应变幅的变化规律。结合疲劳亚结构和疲劳断口的分析结果，深入探讨了影响合金低周疲劳行为的作用机制。
According to the double - axis experiment and the uniaxial tension experiment , shear relaxation modulus and bulk relaxation modulus are obtained . fractional exponent models [ 23 ] [ 24 ] [ 25 ] are applied to shear relaxation modulus and bulk relaxation modulus . the theory is proved by constant amplitude cyclic strain experiment 通过双轴拉压实验来确定材料的切变松弛模量，单轴拉伸实验来确定材料的体变松弛模量，对这两种模量均采用分数阶指数的形式来进行拟合，再用等应变幅循环历史的实验验证了理论，得到了较好的结果。
In view of at present on the solid bridge the high - damping rubber dampers use the press capability of high damping rubber , the material utilization ratio is low , in this paper , the high damping rubber shearing damper has been put forward . by way of shearing capability trial of the high damping rubber damper test objects , the effects of laws concerning frequencies , temperatures and layer ' s thickness on the behavior of the damper are obtained ; and one kind of simple and convenient design method of high damping rubber shearing damper has put forward . finally high - damping rubber shearing damper is in simple comparison with viscous shearing damper 鉴于目前实桥上高阻尼橡胶圈是利用的高阻尼橡胶的挤压性能，材料利用率低，本文提出了剪切型的高阻尼橡胶减振器，通过高阻尼橡胶减振器试件剪切性能试验，获得了频率、应变幅值，厚度等各种参数对高阻尼橡胶减振器试件的影响规律，并提出了一种简便的高阻尼橡胶剪切型拉索减振器的设计方法，最后并与粘性剪切型阻尼器做了简单比较。
The experimental results is shown as followings : ( 1 ) the cyclic flow stress - strain curves in an incremental step test could be expressed as the power law relation : ( 2 ) when the strain amplitude is lower during cyclic deformation tests under constant strain control , softening firstly appears , then gradually hardens with the increasing numbers of cycle ; when the strain amplitude is higher , hardening firstly appears , then gradually softens 试验结果表明： ( 1 )循环流变应力与应变的相互关系曲线均符合幂律关系式： ( 2 )在室温下进行恒应变幅循环变形过程中，当所控制的应变幅较小时，该材料首先出现循环软化，之后随循环周次的增加直至循环失效前该材料出现了硬化现象。当应变幅较大时，该材料开始出现硬化，然后随循环周次的增加才出现软化。
Then , performance tests are made on a kind of austenitic superelastic niti shape memory alloy wire . the energy dissipation capability of the wire and the influence of strain amplitude , loading frequency , as well as number of cycles , on working performance of the sma wire are investigated 然后对一种niti奥氏体超弹性记忆合金丝进行了材料性能试验，考察了这种记忆合金丝的超弹性耗能能力，同时分析了应变幅值，加载频率，循环次数以及工作温度对其工作性能的影响。
The framework and results of this study is thus summarized as follows : 1 . analyzing the effect of the nonlinear parameters on seismic response . so far the g / g _ max - ( transient dynamical shear modulus over the maximum shear modulus vs . shear strain ) and the - ( equivalent shear hysteretic damping ration vs . shear strain ) curves are widely employed in the experimental method in studying soil dynamic property , supposing under equiamplitude cyclic load 目前，人们利用实验手段分析土体动力特性时给出的最基本的描述量是g g _ ( max ) ?曲线(等效动剪切模量与最大动剪切模量的比值随应变幅值变化的曲线)及?曲线(等效剪切滞回阻尼比值随应变幅值变化的曲线) 。
At room temperature , the fracture for r specimen is the characteristic of fatigue stripe , while tire - like pattern appears on the fracture of the t specimen , and the hydrided sample is characterized by skeleton - like pattern and quasi - cleavage fracture at room temperature . however , the fracture characterized by second - crack at 400 常温下， r向试样的低应变幅疲劳断口上较为明显的特征是疲劳条纹的存在; t向试样的疲劳裂纹扩展区断口上则为轮胎痕花样;渗氢态试样室温下疲劳断口的主要特征为脊骨状花样和准解理断裂特征。
