The income elasticity is bigger than the exchange rate elasticity , proved that the domestic and foreign income changes have great influence on our country ’ s foreign trade , while the small appreciation of rmb only have a little influence on our foreign trade 收入弹性大于汇率弹性,说明国内外的收入变化对我国外贸影响比较大,当前人民币的小幅升值不会对我国外贸造成较大影响。
The income elasticity of milk powder is larger than that of the packaged milk and yogurt . the preference elaticity of packaged milk is larger than the others . in the price elasticity , the price elasticity of yogurt is the largest 收入弹性小于价格弹性，并且其中数值最高的是奶粉的收入弹性；此外，本文引入了上一期的消费量这个变量代表消费习惯，上一期消费量的弹性数值介于自价格弹性和收入弹性之间，其中液态奶的数值最大即习惯对液态奶的消费影响较大。
( 3 ) in the third part , we use eles to analysis quantities relation among our provincial town and village ' s consuming structure , especially conduct careful research on marginal consuming propensity , demanding price and basic living need . then we lodge current main problems of our provincial consuming structure ( 3 )第三部分，我们采用扩展线性支出系统( eles )对我省城乡居民消费结构之间的数量关系进行分析，特别是对边际消费倾向、需求收入弹性、需求价格弹性和基本生活需求等方面做了仔细研究，并提出了目前我省消费结构存在主要问题。
The essay uses expand linearity expend system by microcosmic view to analyze basic consumption proportion , bounds consumption tendency , income flexibility of kinds of consumption expend . with this condition , the essay analyses all kinds of life consumption current of countrymen 并从微观角度，利用扩展的线性支出系统，进行一元线性回归，从基本消费需求比重、边际消费倾向、收入弹性等角度对各项消费支出做了具体分析，在此基础上，分析了农村居民的各项生活消费需求的趋势。
However primary industry , heavy industry and chemical industry , which have been highly protected from the nation , will be gravely affected . fourthly , using three standards - productivity , the relation of industries and elastic of demand - income , and combining current situation and restricted factors , the paper point out that the principal industries are processing of farm and sideline products , building materials products , metal products , paperboards and machine - made paper , chemical industry and tourism trade 运用生产率上升率、产业关联度和需求收入弹性这三个衡量基准，结合河北省乡镇企业发展的现状与限制因素，对河北省乡镇企业的支柱产业进行了测算、选择，提出农副产品加工业，金属制品业、建材工业、造纸及纸制品业、化学原料和化学制品业，旅游业应作为河北省乡镇企业的支柱产业。
The studying conclusions are as following : first , the time - sequence analysis of consumption composition of urban and rural households shows that : ( 1 ) the long - term marginal propensity to consume ( mfc ) of rural households in jiangxi province is bigger than that of households in urban ; ( 2 ) the income elasticity of demand of rural households on such goods as transportation and communication 纵向时间序列( 1990 2000年)的分析结果表明：第一，江西农村居民的长期边际消费倾向大于城镇居民；第二，农村居民的需求收入弹性在交通通讯、文教娱乐、医疗保健、其它等方面大于1 ，反映出他们对这些类商品的需求旺盛。
The model includes three aspects ( 1 ) objective : aspect . regional leading industry choice ( 2 ) criterion aspect : comparative advantage criterion , industrial relationship criterion , technology advancement criterion , market potential criterion ( 3 ) norm aspect : location quotient , comparative labor productivity , comparative fund profit and tax rate , area ’ s added value proportion , industrial influence coefficient , industrial sensitivity coefficient , technology advancement speed , technology progresses contribution rate , growth rate , demand income elasticity 模型共分三层:目标层? ?区域主导产业选择;准则层? ?比较优势基准、产业关联基准、技术进步基准、市场潜力基准;指标层? ?区位商、比较劳动生产率、比较资金利税率、区内增加值比重、产业影响力系数、产业感应度系数、技术进步速度、技术进步贡献率、增长率、需求收入弹性。
Abstract : by using eles model by luch , from the positive analysis of chinese urban households ' consumption patterns in 1998 , such conclusions can be drawn : the index of marginal propensity to consume in urban households is 0 . 6166 , among which that of marginal propensity to food consume is as high as 0 . 1592 ; as for income elasticity index , that of household facilities , articles and services , miscellanceous commodities , transportation and communications is above 1 , and that of the other is below 1 , self price elasticity of each commodity and service is rather high , but mutual price elasticity is lower 文摘:用卢茨的eles模型，对1998年中国城镇居民家庭消费结构进行实证分析，结果显示：中国城镇居民家庭的边际消费倾向为0 6166 ，其中食品的边际消费倾向高达0 1592 ；收入弹性方面，家庭设备用品及服务、杂项商品、交通通讯均大于1 ，其他小于1 ；各项商品及服务的自价格弹性比较大，而互价格弹性比较小。
It analyzes various factors which include the slope of curve is and lm , investment interest elasticity b , expenditure multiplier , income elasticity k and interest elasticity h of currency demand , that decide the fiscal policy and monetary policy effects by economics and geometric figures . it also demonstrates two particular situations : " crowding out " and " keynesian liquidity trap " 它从几何图形和经济学意义上分析了影响和决定财政、货币政策效力的各种因素，这些因素包括is曲线和lm曲线的斜率以及投资的利率弹性b 、支出乘数、货币需求的收入弹性k和货币需求的利率弹性h ，并同时论述和分析了财政、货币政策效力分析中常见的两种比较特殊的情形“挤出效应”和“凯恩斯流动性陷阱” 。
And the core content of its research is to form and estimate demand system model , then deduce and calculate elasticity ( income elasticity and price elasticity ) , next clarify and explain the implication of elasticity , finally forecast the future consumption and consumption behavior according to the estimate results in brief , it can be divided into three steps to analysis consumption for microeconomic , namely , acquire and deal with data ; estimate demand system model ; explain the implication of elasticity 微观经济学研究消费主要采用计量经济学的方法，其研究的核心内容是构造并估计需求系统模型，推导并计算收入弹性、价格弹性等，同时对弹性值的意义做出解释和说明，最后还往往根据需求系统模型的估计结果对未来的消费行为做出某种程度上的预测。简单的说，微观经济学研究消费火致分为以下几个步骤：获取并处理数据、模型估计、计算弹性并解释结果。
