Genetic models were constructed for qtl mapping by two - dimensional searching . corresponding analysis methods were also proposed , which could estimate additive effects , dominance effects , epistatic effects of additive by additive , additive by dominance , dominance by additive , dominance by dominance , and could predict their interaction effects with environments 构建了可以估汁加性效应、显性效应、加加、加显、显加、显显上位性效应以及预测这些效应与环境互作效应的qtl定位两维搜索遗传模型，提出了相应的分析方法。
It was shown that in short - season cotton , the seven traits relating to early maturity all presented dominating additive effect while displaying dominance effects , and epistatic effects from sowing to budding , from sowing to flowering and from budding to flowering ; the early maturity traits significantly interacted with the environments 结果表明：短季棉7个早熟相关性状的遗传均以加性效应为主，同时存在着显性效应，对于播种现蕾、播种开花和现蕾开花还存在着上位性效应；短季棉各早熟性状的遗传效应与环境互作显著。
The combination of meja and fc did not show significant additive effect on enzyme activity . 3 . phosphorylation and dephosphorlation of pm h ^ - atpase after treatments of meja and fc 1 ) in vitro , phosphatase inhibitors , okadaic acid and cantharidin , enhanced meja - induced increase of the enzyme activity to 60 % and 50 % , respectively Tllrase过程中可能发生的磷酸化和去磷酸化作用1 ）磷酸酶抑制剂斑螫素、岗田酸可以增强meja对酶的刺激作用，岗田酸的效应较强，而斑鳌素的作用略弱，增幅分别为60和50左右。
( 4 ) the results of qtl mapping indicated that the inheritance of yield traits was very complex , the explanation as follows : additive effects except for sterile spikelet number per spike ( ssns ) , qtls of additive effects were tested for all other traits , with 10 qtls for 1000 grain weight ( kgw ) . the large variance of the effect values and the contribution rate of qtls indicated that the effects are difference for different qtls 14 。 （ 4 ）通过对产量性状qtls作图，发现产量性状的遗传非常复杂，可以从4个方面说明：加性效应除不孕小穗数外，各性状均检测到了表现加性效应的qtls 。其中，在各环境联合分析下，检测到了10个千粒重qtls ，各qtls的加性效应值和对群体变异的贡献率也存在很大差异，说明不同的qtls不是等效的。
Abstract : in this paper , triple test cross design was used in studing the resistance of soybean to 10 physiological race of cercospora sojina haraby inoculation . results o analysis of gene effects of resistance indicated that additive effect is significant in all the three crosses , dominant effect exsists only in the cross 1 and epistatic effect remains in the cross 2 and cross 3 摘要本实验利用三点测交分析的方法,对3个组合在人工接种大豆灰斑病菌的条件下的抗性表现进行基因效应分析,各组合均存在加性,组合1存在显性,组合2 、 3存在上位性。
Qtl mapping for the 9 yield traits was carried out using qtlmapper version 1 . 0 . the main results are as follows : using the combined test of the four environments , 39 qtls of additive effects distributing on 14 chromosomes were detected . the range of general contribution rate of additive effect qtls for different traits is 1 . 83 ~ 27 . 24 % , and the range of contribution rate of different single qtl is 1 . 06 - 8 . 93 % 利用qtlmapperversion1 . 0作图软件进行了产量性状的qtls作图，主要结果如下：在各环境联合分析下，共检测到9个性状的39个加性效应qtls ，涉及14条染色体，各个性状的总贡献率变化范围为1 . 83 27 . 24 ，单个qtl贡献率变化范围为1 . 06 8 . 93 ；共检测到9个性状的41对qtls互作位点，涉及用于分析的全部18条染色体，各个性状的总贡献率变化范围为1 . 26 36 . 15 ，单今互作效应的贡献率变化范围为1 . 20 13 . 30 。
Monte carlo simulations were conducted to study the new approaches of qtl mapping , the results indicated that general least squares ( gls ) method , which was widely applied in mixed linear model , could unbiasedly estimate all genetic main effects , including additive effects , dominance effects and epistatic effects of additive by additive , additive by dominance , dominance by additive , dominance by dominance . the interaction effects between genetic main effects and environments could also be predicted unbiasedly by linear unbiased prediction ( lup ) . the heterosis prediction based on qtl effects was also unbiased 对新提出的qtl分析方法进行了montecarlo模拟研究，结果表明，广泛应用于混合线性模型的广义最小二乘法( gls )能够无偏估计加性效应，显性效应以及加加、加显、显加、显显上位性效应等各项遗传主效应；运用线性无偏预测法( lup )能够无偏预测上述各项遗传主效应与环境的互作效应；基于qtl效应的杂种优势预测也是无偏的。
