Secondly , to extract learning samples from the madm problem , an approach to estimating the utility functions for attributes is presented 其次，提出了基于属性效用函数估计的学习样本构造方法，从决策问题本身抽取学习样本。
Management personnel in state - owned foreign - trade enterprises take control of their effects to work on the efficiency of their enterprises 他们可以通过控制其效用函数来控制其努力程度和努力结构，从而在实际上控制企业效率。
In a standard trust - agency model , we take the function of shareholder and manager ' s effect as target function 在标准的委托一代理模型中，把股东和经营者的效用函数作为目标函数，意指股东和经营者都是以追求效用最大化为目标。
When risky choices are analyzed or when comparisons must be made among individual , the cardinal properties of the utility function can be important 当分析风险选择时或当必须在个别间作出比较时，资本的基数效用函数就很重要了。
Especially , the paper provides the optimal solution for logarithmic utility under both lull and partial information , by utilizing ito formula only 特别地，在投资者具有对数效用函数情形下，分别就完备信息与部分信息情形，直接运用it (
5 utility and optimal game of insurance apply the utility theory to insurance in order to confirm the optimal insurance premium for the insured 5效用与保险最优决策从投保人的角度考虑，应用效用函数讨论使投保人效用达到最优值的方案和方法。
When the behaviors and utility functions of the firm owner and the auditor are described , the rational agent characteristic should be applied as a basic assumption 理性经济人特征是描述所有者和审计师行为及其效用函数的重要假设和分析基础。
By introducing the utility function of investors , affection caused by both two sides of players , the government and investors , is analyzed 引入投资者效用函数，分析国家和投资者双方参与人在股市中的利益冲突对中国股市的制度变迁进程的影响。
We discuss the companies and investors " utility function model , investors " demand function and listed companies " supply function 在分析过程中，我们讨论并建立了上市公司和投资者的效用函数模型以及投资者的需求函数和上市公司的供给函数模型。
Usually the utility function will show diminishing marginal utility : as more and more of a good is consumed , the consumer obtains smaller and smaller increments to utility 效用函数通常会表明边际效用递减：正如，一种商品卖得越来越多，消费者就会获得月来越少的效用的增加。
