In recent years , the high - speed development of the urban architecture and the sufficient use of underground space not only promote the development of deep foundation pit , also bring a large number of project issue to the excavating and braced structure of the foundation pit during constructing 近年来,城市建筑的高速发展和地下空间的充分利用,促进了深基坑的发展,由此带来在施工期间大量的深基坑开挖和支护的岩土工程问题。
Frame - bracing structure is a kind of dual - system , among which the bracing system may be shear wall , reinforced concrete core , vertical truss , etc . in current design codes for steel structures , multi - story steel frames are divided into two types , sway and non - sway frames 支撑体系可以是剪力墙、筒体或支撑桁架体系。国家现行的钢结构设计标准在计算框架结构的稳定性时将框架结构分为有侧移和无侧移两类，分别确定其计算长度。
Channel - steel - pile composite soil nailing ( ccsn ) is a new bracing structure of foundation pit , which was developed by cai changbin in 2000 . in recent years , ccsn has been used widely in the region of wenzhou , taizhou . . . etc , and has obtained good economic performance and social performance 锚管桩复合土钉支护是蔡昌斌开发的一种新型基坑支护形式，近年来已在温州、台州等地区得到广泛应用，取得了良好的经济效益和社会效益。
Abstract : this paper introduces the global stiffness , strength and stability of bracing structure with long span , pointing out that the control of bracing structure ' s deflection and elastic module can make the arch ring fit the line of pressure and arch axis and can guarantee the stability of bridge structure 文摘:本文介绍了大跨度支撑结构的整体刚度、强度和稳定性，控制支撑的挠度和弹性变量可使拱圈符合设计压力线与拱轴线，保证桥梁结构的稳定性。
The tower shafts , most of which are hollow and varying in cross section , and altitudinal construction bring trouble to the form work and the stress of strand wire . and the cracks on the crossbeams will be caused by the following - deformation of the bracing structure joints , elastic deformation ， uneven settlement and temperature changes . the additional stress of the base slab and the foundation is caused by the deviation of cable bent tower construction 但大跨度桥梁混凝土索塔施工设备进场及现场管理都比较困难；塔柱多为空心变截面，且为高空作业，给模板工程及预应力张拉带来一定困难；支撑系统连接的间隙变形、弹性变形、不均匀沉降以及环境温差可导致横梁裂缝；索塔施工偏位会引起的承台和基础的附加应力，对加劲梁的架设影响大；悬吊结构未完体系(架设时)施工阶段的风致振动往往影响到施工的安全和质量；实心塔柱部分体积较大，易产生温度裂缝。
The paper proposes that the damage surface adopt curvilinear slip - surface , based on analyzing several normal models of soil pressure , and a new method of calculation soil pressure of brace structure of deep foundation - pit is derivated based on prandtl theory under this assumption . moreover contrasting against computational method of the classics soil pressure , better effect is acquired in the actual application 本文在对几种常用的土压力模型进行分析比较的基础上，提出了采用曲线滑动面作为破坏面，并在此假设下根据普朗特尔理论推导出一种计算深基坑支护结构中土压力的新方法，并与经典土压力计算方法作了比较，在实际应用中也取得了较好的效果。
On this basis , regarding the rankine soil pressure theory as the prerequisite , the active earth pressure formula considering the deformation of braced structure has been set up . the calculation of active limit displacement in the formula has been researched , and proposes two methods ; all of which are applied to active soil pressure formula considering the deformation of braced structure . further , combine the project example , the active earth pressure formula considering the deformation of braced structure has been tested and confirmed its rationality 本文介绍了基坑支护结构的形式、特点,以及目前工程中基坑的设计计算方法,分析了土压力的计算在基坑工程设计计算中的重要性;通过实测的基坑主动土压力与支护结构位移的分析得出基坑主动土压力与位移之间存在密切关系,在此基础上以朗肯土压力理论为前提建立了考虑基坑支护结构位移的主动区土压力公式;并对公式中的主动极限位移的计算做了研究,提出了主动极限位移的两种计算方法;把这两种方法都运用于考虑支护结构位移的主动土压力计算公式,进而结合工程实例,对考虑支护结构位移的主动土压力公式进行了验证,验证了公式的合理性。
Compared with conventional bracing technology , not only soil nailing will actively support soil masses , but also the effect of soil nailing and soil mass will be mobilized leading to utilize in - site strength of soils to a maximam degree . the disturbed soil masses that originally induce loading effect on bracing structure are transformed into a part of bracing structure . accordingly , the composite soil nailing bracing technique begins to applied to reinforcement of soft soils or foundations 复合土钉支护技术中，土钉主动支护土体，并与土体共同作用，尽可能保持、利用、提高基坑边壁土体的原有强度，将传统支护方式中对支护结构形成荷载效应的扰动土体转化为支护结构的一部分，从而可以有效地应用于软土地区等特殊地质条件下的基坑支护。
Numerical simulation is carried under different conditions , including ( a ) the different distance between deep foundation excavations and the adjacent structures ; ( b ) different supports are used , such as cantilever piles , row piles with one - layer grouted soil anchor , row piles with two - layer grouted soil anchor , row piles with three - layer grouted soil anchor and soil nailings etc . this paper reveal the law of adjacent structures and bracing structures displacements and surrounding soil settlements . anchor and soil nailing ' s impact on the displacements of adjacent structures is analyzed then . further more , we find the law of displacements of bracing structures , surrounding soil settlements , differential settlement and absolute settlements of adjacent structures that may appear in the process of excavation by steps 模拟分析了近邻建筑物在不同距离的条件下，悬臂支护、一层锚杆与排桩联合支护、两层锚杆与排桩联合支护、三层锚杆与排桩联合支护、土钉支护等几种支护情况下的深基坑开挖过程，对深基坑工程开挖过程中近邻建筑物的变形、支护结构变形以及基坑外地层沉降的发展变化规律进行了分析总结；对锚杆和土钉支护对建筑物变形的影响作了详细地分析，找到了一些基坑开挖过程中基坑支护结构变形、周围地层沉降、近临建筑不均匀沉降及绝对沉降的发展变化规律，得到了一些对深基坑工程设计和施工有工程实际意义的结论。
The unsaturated soil water movement formula is adopted for calculated the transient water content within the slope . with equilibrium method the stability of soil - nail bracing structure of unsaturated soil slope is analyzed considering the connection between the shear strength of unsaturated soil and water content . genetic algorithm is introduced for searching the minimum factor of safety of natural slope and soil - nail bracing in unsaturated soil 运用非饱和土水分子运动方程，求解降雨入渗条件下边坡土体的瞬态体积含水量，又考虑到其与非饱和土抗剪强度的关系，利用极限平衡理论推导了非饱和土边坡土钉支护整体稳定性最小安全系数f _ ( s , min )公式。
