This paper describes the principle and method for testing pile bottom force - hearing layer and pile body force - bearing declivity , deals with results of standard component test and inclined model pile test under the condition of inclination , and also gives some practical examples of engineeing application 摘要阐述了桩底持力层与桩身倾斜度测试原理及方法，列举了倾斜情况下的标准件试验及倾斜模型桩试验结果与工程应用实例。
A former staff of a foundation works company and two former employees of a piling subcontractor were charged for allegedly manipulating piling test records of a property development project at nam cheong station of the west rail to cover up suspected non - compliant works 廉政公署落案起诉一名地基工程公司前职员及两名桩柱分判商前雇员，控告他们涉嫌干扰及窜改西铁南昌站物业发展工程的桩柱测试报告，以隐瞒怀疑未符合规格的桩柱工程。
And it is also the basis of any kinds of methods in dynamic pile testing . although many soil - pile interaction models have been developed using a variety of analytical and numerical techniques , how to model soil layer accurately is still a major difficult in pile dynamics 迄今为止，这一理论已经历了近四十年的研究发展，取得了较为丰富的成果，但与工程应用的要求相比，仍存在很多问题，其中一个重要方面是以往关于土中孔隙水对桩振动特性的影响研究甚少。
It can be said that the solution to the space problem of limit load and the calculation of foundation bearing capacity for deformed groundwork have some academic and scientific value . the dynamic pile testing of foundation and batholith as well as deep well load testing system has been put into use in real work environment and gained some social and economic benefit 本文关于界限荷载的空间问题解答，考虑地基变形的地基承载力工程算法具有一定的学术价值；本文中的地基(及岩基)承载力动测法及深井载荷试验系统已在工程实践中应用，并取得了较好的社会和经济效益，具有一定的工程实用意义。
Abstract : based on the in - situ pressure - grouting experiments and the full - scale pile tests of xinxiang and ligou and yangzhou bridges , the process and effect of jet pressure - grouting are presented in this paper . the mechanism of increasing the performance of bored piles by grouting is also analyzed . an engineering experience of applying the new technique is presented in the paper 文摘:根据新乡、巩县及扬州等地钻孔灌注桩桩底压力灌浆现场试验和桩的静载试验，介绍了桩底压力灌浆的工艺及压力灌浆的效果，并对压力灌浆提高钻孔灌注桩承载力的机理进行了分析，对其推广应用作了介绍。
In this paper , depending on the enormous 356 pile testing date detailed with soil and pile parameters and p ~ s curves , covering xi ' an and adjacent areas , we analyzed the load transmission mechanism of pile in loess foundation , and proposed a kind of hyperbolic load transmission function between pile and it ' s neighboring soil . meanwhile , we created a mathematical model to predict p ~ s curve and bearing capacity of single pile . by analyzing the compacting effect caused by pile - sinking of pressed pile in loess and it ' s influence on bearing capacity and settlement , two parameters , kc and ke are introduced to modify the soil cohesive c and deformation modulus es 本文利用现己收集到的西安及其周边地区356根打入桩、静压桩、灌注桩的现场试桩资料(其中打入桩67根，静压桩121根，钻孔灌注桩168根，并有详细的地层勘探资料，桩深资料，荷载沉降?曲线)对西安黄土地基中的打入桩、静压桩、灌注桩的荷载传递机理进行了分析研究，认为用双曲线型的荷载传递函数模拟桩土之间的荷载传递函数是合适的，并用荷载传递分析的方法建立了计算p s曲线的数学模型及极限承载力的确定方法。
In view of bearing capacity of the elastoplastic theory analysis , the author made a comparison between the achieved bearing capacity limit load pi / 4 of round base ( space problem ) and the limit load pi / 4 of bar groundwork foundation design ( plane problem ) from soil mechanics at home and abroad as well as foundation criterion , and explained why the value of formula in present design criterion from soil mechanics is inclined to be conservative . in the light of the author ' s many years experience of vibration test on the spot and the research work of relevant projects , the author worked over the dynamic pile testing of the bearing capacity of foundation and batholith , and gathered the parameter of dynamic analysis and testing . the author also talked over the difficult point of pile foundation design criteria in present batholith engineering world , i . e . the confirmation of batholith bearing capacity of pile end , from the following aspects : a ) confirmation of single axis counter - pressure strength of rock in house ; b ) f . e . m calculation of elastoplastic model ; c ) calculation of soil mechanics ; d ) deep well load test 然后，对岩土工程领域至今尚未解决，甚至不为人注意的考虑地基变形的地基承载力问题进行了实用化的探讨，提出了考虑地基变形的地基承载力上程计算方法；对基于弹塑性理论分析的地基承载力国内尚未见报道的空间问题得到了圆形基础(空间问题)的承载力界限荷载p _ ( 1 / 4 ) ，并与国内外土力学专著及地基基础设计规范中的条形基础(平面问题)的界限荷载p _ ( 1 / 4 ) ，进行了对比，从而定量上解释了目前设计规范引用土力学承载力公式值偏于保守的这一情况；根据本文作者多年从事现场地基工程振动试验及相关课题的研究工作，本文以截头锥模型模拟地基，对地基(岩基)承载力的动测法进行了研究，为各类地基(包括岩基) ，汇总了动力分析和检测川的参数：针对日前岩土工程界应用桩基设计规范中的难点? ?桩端岩基承载力的确定问题，从岩石室内单轴抗压强度确定、基于弹塑性模型的有限单元法计算、土力学计算及深斤载荷试验四方面进行了深入讨论；本文作者根据多年现场载荷试验的工程实践，对深井荷试验装置的核心部分? ?反力装置，设计了侧壁支撑反力加载系统，该加载系统具有实用、简便、稳定及安个等优点。
The experiential formula between kc and base resistance q from cpt and , the relationship between ke and c # ( strength of concrete ) are also created by fitting 94 pressed pile testing date . based on analyzing the compacting effects caused by driving pile in loess and it ' s influence on bearing capacity and settlement , another two disturbance parameters , c and e , are proposed for multiplying respectively the parameters of soil cohesive c and deformation modulus es to reflect this effect . by fitting 51 driven pile testing date , we created an experiential formula between the e and r ( the modulus ratio between pile and surrounding soil ) , also an experiential formula between the c and base friction resistance fs / pa from cpt of pile surrounding soil 在本文中分析了静压桩的沉桩挤土效应对其承载力与沉降特性的影响，在计算模型中引入了桩周土粘聚力c的修正系数k _ c和桩周土变形模量e _ s的修正系数k _ e来体现这种影响，通过对94根静压桩试桩资料进行拟合，建立了k _ c与桩端土静力触探的端阻q _ c之间经验公式以及k _ e与c # (混凝土标号)之间的对应关系。
In order to fully develop the theory of squeezed branch piles , in particular , the justification of its superior performance in terms of the bearing capacity and sinking displacement , we have derived the analytical formulas of the axial load and the strain at arbitrary depth ; based on existing static loading test results and research on belled pile , together with the analysis of on - site testing data , we have applied the expand theory on sphere holes to the computation of radial stress of squeezed branch piles under hole expansion ; taking the oil pressure of hole expansion in to account , we have find the a branch force under certain hole pressures , hence we can estimate the maximum bearing capacity of single piles ; we have introduced the experiential formulas for the bearing capacity of squeezed branch piles based on its stress characteristic and pile testing data ; we have also done numerical simulations of squeezed branch piles utilizing finite element method software ansys ; we have matched the simulation res ults with those of on - site basic load experiments , regenerating the distributions of stress fields and strain fields of squeezed branch piles , and from those distributions , we can determine the optimal distances between plates and piles 为了完善支盘桩的设计理论，探求支盘桩高承载力和低沉降量的内涵，本文推导出了支盘桩任意深度的截面荷载以及位移随深度变化的理论公式；基于已有的静载试验成果及有关扩底桩的研究成果，从对现场测试数据的分析，将球形孔扩张理论引入到支盘桩扩孔时径向应力的计算，考虑到扩孔时的油压数据，求得某一孔压下的支盘力，据此估算单桩极限承载力；同时根据对支盘桩的受力特点和试桩数据的分析，提出了支盘桩承载力计算的经验公式；用有限元分析的方法，利用大型有限元分析软件ansys对支盘桩进行数值模拟，并将模拟结果同现场的静载试验结果进行对比，再现了支盘桩在荷载作用下土中应力场和位移场的变化，根据应力场和位移场的变化范围，指出最佳盘间距和桩间距；为支盘桩的设计和施工提供了一个可量化的设计依据。
