In normal circumstances , powerful economic forces work against an increasingly undervalued real exchange rate 在正常情况下，强大的经济力量会纠正日趋低估的实际汇率。
The nominal exchange rate regulated by china ' s and us consumer price indexes is called the real exchange rate 用中美消费物价指数调整的人民币兑换美元的名义汇率称为实际汇率。
Overheating , in short , is not the problem , but rather the natural solution to an undervalued real exchange rate 简言之，经济过热不是问题，而是实际汇率被低估的“天然解决方案” 。
A devaluation leads to a real depreciation in the short run but has no effect on the real exchange rate in the long run 贬值导致了短期内真实的跌价，但是它对长期实际汇率并无影响。
“ real exchange in china : a long - run perspective “ 《 china & world economy 》 , volume 14 , number 4 , july - august 2006 “汇率与经济增长：对东亚经济体的检验” 《世界经济》 ， 2005年10月。
It was the combination of a virtually fixed nominal exchange rate with a depreciating real exchange rate that made it so 是近乎固定的名义汇率与不断下降的实际汇率的结合，才造成了这种结果。
That should generate a credit expansion , excess demand , a rise in the domestic price level and an appreciation in the real exchange rate 这应会造成信贷扩张、需求过度、国内价格水平提高及实际汇率上升。
There are two possible escapes from the recessionary trap : depreciation of the real exchange rate and faster growth in the rest of the world 有两个摆脱衰退陷阱的可能出路：汇率贬值和美国以外的世界经济更快增长。
Thus even when the rupee ' s nominal rate against the weakening dollar was held down , india ' s real exchange rate rose because of high inflation 因此即使卢布对弱势美元的名义汇率下降了，由于高通胀，其实际汇率也是上升的。
But it does take care of financial instability associated with volatile capital flows and the associated large swings in real exchange rates ，但货币联盟仍能处理资金流向波动及实质汇率相关的大起大落所引起的金融不稳定。
