Nuclear factor - kb ( nf - kb ) is one kind of cell transcription factor that exist in many kinds of cells in nervous system . it is also has great association with the process of neuronal degeneration and apoptosis . from the above we can see that tbi , secondary brain injury , apoptosis and cytokines associated tightly 细胞核因子b ( nuclearfactor - b , nf - b )是一类普遍存在的细胞转录因子，功能性nf - b复合物存在于神经系统的各种类型的细胞中，包括神经元、星形胶质细胞、小胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞中，在神经细胞变性和凋亡过程中起十分重要的作用。
In the present experiment studies , an acute traumatic model of lateral cortical impact was employed to study expressive changes of microtubule associated protein - 2 ( map - 2 ) , cyclooxygenase - 2 ( cox - 2 ) , glial cell line - derived neurotrophic factor ( gdnf ) , caspase - 3 mrna and protein after brain injury in rats . immunocytochemical staining , western blotting , nucleic acid in situ hybridization with an oligonucleotide probe and computer image analysis were used to detect the dynamic changes of map - 2 mrna , cox - 2 mrna , gdnf mrna , and caspase - 3 mrna in the cortex after moderate traumatic brain injury ( tbi ) 本实验从自行设计大鼠脑损伤落体打击器开始，先行建立了一个便于观察和施加处理因素、控制性好、重复性好的动物模型，选用30g击锤从25cm高处下落，冲击应力d为355 . 09kpa ，打击大鼠右顶部，造成中等程度的闭合性脑损伤，从病理形态学、组织超微结构观察及微管相关蛋白- 2 ( microtubuleassociatedprotein2 ， map - 2 ) 、环氧合酶- 2 ( cyclooxygenase2 ， cox - 2 ) 、胶质源性神经营养因子( glialcellline - derivedneutrophicfactor ， gdnf ) 、 caspase - 3基因及蛋白表达的时间性变化，详尽系统地阐述脑损伤后各指标变化的时间规律性及表达差异可能的形成机制。
Tissue sections from every animal were double - labeled with the antibodies of map - 2 , cox - 2 , gdnf , caspase - 3 and either the neuron - specific antibody neuronal nuclear protein ( neun ) or the astroglial - specific marker glial fibrillary acidic protein ( gfap ) . we carried out a series of research to explore the effects and mechanism of map - 2 , cox - 2 , gdnf , caspase - 3 during tbi and trie d to provide some useful theory basis for both the treatment of tbi in the practice and forensic medicine 并通过上述指标分别与神经元特异性标志物神经元核蛋白( neuronalnuclearprotein ， neun )和星形胶质细胞特异标志物胶质纤维酸性蛋白( glialfibrillaryacidicprotein ， gfap )进行免疫组织化学双染色，探讨脑损伤后神经元及神经胶质细胞反应性变化情况及其分子生物学机制，以期为脑损伤研究提供有益的数据材料，也为以上指标在法医学实际检案的应用提供必需理论依据。
But the relationship among the severity of injury and changes of cytokines are not clear . the mechanisms , post - intervals , severity and prognosis of brain injury are very important in forensic and clinical practice . in this study , brain contusion model of different severity and post - traumatic intervals were made Tbi的形成机制、损伤形成时间、损伤程度分析以及预后判断一直受到法医及临床工作者的重视，其中损伤程度的判定成为实际案例中判定案件性质及量刑的主要依据，成为法医病理学工作者亟待解决的一个重要的科研课题。
