As a kind of theory studying how to get optimal strategies by using precise mathematics methods under conflicts and rivalry circumstances , it had great application values and has been widely used in fields of military science , sociology , biological evolution , etc . but there are no other subjects like economics depending on it so greatly , we even can say it " s hard to separate them form each other 作为一种是使用严谨数学方法研究冲突对抗条件下如何寻找最优策略问题的理论，博弈论具有广泛的应用价值，它被广泛地运用到军事、社会学、生物进化等各个领域。但是没有那一个学科像经济学这样对它产生依赖，甚至可以说博弈论与经济学已经是密不可分了。
Based on the game theory and the main theories of information economics , the relationship between the appointer and the agent in railway property operation was studies ; the relationship between the state and the ministry of railways , and between the ministry of railways and the enterprise was analyzed ; and the method of how to decide the base number under either stable and random circumstances in the commission operation of railway property was studied ; and both the agent ' s interests mechanism in property operation and how to fix the optimizing contract and the optimal strategy under random circumstances were studies also 本文以博奕论和信息经济学中的主要结论为基础，对铁路资产经营中委托人和代理人之间的关系进行了研究，然后对国家与铁道部、铁道部与企业进行了资产经营的博奕分析；分别在稳定和随机环境下对铁路资产委托代理经营中基数的确定办法进行了研究；并对资产经营中代理人（承包人）的利益机制和随机环境下最优合同与最优策略的确定进行了分析。
Then the process of making optimal bidding strategy is introduced by using an example . in another bidding experiment , we find out experimenters " risk preferences through psycho test , and then we compare these data with bidding data gathered in the experiment . we find the risk preference and the price adjustment have some relation and it ' s worth studying further 随后的部分介绍了考虑报价人风险偏好问题的最优策略制定过程，在另一个竞价实验研究中，引入了行为经济学的研究方法，通过心理学测试结果以及实际报价数据之间的比较观察，发现决策人风险度偏好曲线和决策人报价调整量之间有着相同的变化规律，这一发现为研究决策人风险偏好问题开辟了新的思路。
The search space is divided into many small areas , and each area is given a certain pheromone value . according to the state transition rules , the artificial ants move to the next solution which is generated randomly or calculated by particle swarm optimization . local search strategy is also added into psaco so that the search speed and precision is enhanced 该算法首先将连续对象定义域平均分成许多边缘相互重叠的小区域,区域的稠密程度决定了算法解的精度,每个区域赋予一定的信息素值;蚂蚁根据状态转移规则在随机生成的可行解与利用微粒群算法得出的可行解之间选择下一步要去的位置;引入局部寻优策略,加强近似最优解邻域内的局部搜索,提高搜索速度和精度。
In this article , the author firstly introduce the conception of amc corporate governance and the successful experiences of rtc in america , then go deeply into is where the problem is about amc corporate governance in our country , at last further advance the optimal and second - best strategy to optimize corporate governance of amc in the end 本文先从金融资产管理公司法人治理结构的概念结构和美国rtc的成功经验入手，进而深入分析了我国金融资产管理公司法人治理结构的缺陷所在，最后提出了优化我国金融资产管理公司法人治理结构的最优策略和次优策略。
Firstly , this part sets up stackelberg model , and provides enterprises " optimum countermeasures . secondly , from the point of game theory , this part discusses how to decide pollution charge and how should enterprise choose pollution quantity under simultaneous decision - making and successive decision making , respectively . at last , the price fixing strategy of discharge from the point of game theory is discussed , the total pollutant between the trading of discharge and environment taxation are compared , and the distributing method of initial discharge is presented 建立了水资源治理的斯塔克伯格模型，提出了企业的最优策略及对我国环境污染治理的建议，并进行了严格的数学推导证明；运用博弈论的基本原理，探讨了在同时决策和先后决策两种情况下污染费如何定价和企业应如何选择排污量的问题，并对所得解进行了讨论；从博弈论的角度探讨了排污权交易中排污指标的定价策略，并比较了排污权交易下与传统的通过征收环境税收条件下排放的污染物总量，并提出了初始排污权的分配方法。
Buyer has different strategy in four types of auction . in ipv model , the optimal strategy of bidder in english auction and vickrey auction is bid his private value , while bidder in dutch auction and first - price sealed - bid auction has no optimal strategy ( their strategy depends on other bidder ' s value and bid ) 买方在四种经典拍卖方式中的策略和出价行为是不同的，在独自估价模式下，参加英国式拍卖和维克利拍卖的竞买者的最优策略是出价应等于竞买者真正的估价。
The first is based on the gain of the previous accumulate value , we can get the total gain at the stage of n , and from gained accumulate value of the stochastic variable set , and from the aggregate set of the past value , an enlarged state space is formed if we use the aggregate of the past value in the state space x , in which we use markov optimum strategy 第一种方法是基于增益的过去累积值的方法，我们考虑到第n阶段为止的增益累积值随机变量列，以及它取得的过去值集合列，得到它的总增益，进一步把本来的状态空间x上，将过去值集合附加上去，形成一个扩大的状态空间。在这个新的状态空间上考虑马尔可夫最优策略。
Based on the basic aco theory , the thorough and systemic researches on improving aco and the applications of the improved aco algorithms in tsp problems , flow - shop scheduling problems and optimization problems with continuous variables were carried on . the main completed research works include : 1 . aimed at the disadvantage that aco can easily fall into local optima , an improved aco with pheromone mutation operator and local search strategy named pmaco was put forward 论文围绕蚁群算法的基本理论,就如何改进蚁群算法及其实现和改进蚁群算法在旅行商问题( tsp , travelingsalesmanproblem ) 、 flow - shop生产调度问题、连续对象优化问题等领域的应用进行了较为深入、系统的研究,完成的主要工作有: 1 .针对蚁群算法易于陷入局部最优解的缺陷,提出了一种具有信息素变异算子及局部随机寻优策略的改进蚁群算法( pmaco , pheromonemutationantcolonyoptimization ) ,并对其进行了收敛性分析。
On what has been discussed in chapter two , chapter three takes the varied situations when the deposit and loan interest rate changes into consideration . by employing the dynamic programming principle and the stochastic analysis theory , the optimum strategy can be achieved through hjb equation corresponding to the control question 第三章在第二章讨论的基础上考虑借贷利率不同时的情况，利用动态规划原理与随机分析方法，最优策略可以通过控制问题对应的hjb方程求得。
