Using game theory , this paper builds licensing game models respectively , and mainly analyzes licensing game problems between outside innovator and potential licensee with complete information and with moral hazard 摘要本文利用博弈论的方法，分别建立了许可博弈模型，主要分析了具有完全信息和具有道德风险两种情况下外部创新者与潜在受让人之间的技术许可问题。
The field of collective action behaviors lends insight into why individual may organize into groups for collective benefit . a look at co - operatives and social capital helps to resolve the ambiguity , which is caused by the different use of the term collective entrepreneurship 在对集体行动和创新事件的分析基础上，认为无论是个人或者集体只要有创新事件的产生，就可以作为创新者。
Because not all of the outputs of innovation belong to enterprises that do innovation , the amount of innovation when marginal private profit equals marginal cost must be less than that when marginal social profit equals marginal cost 由于技术创新产出的非独占性，创新者不能完全攫取创新的全部收益，从而基于边际私人收益等于边际成本决定的私人最优创新水平必然小于社会最优创新水平。
Comparing equilibrium solution with expectable income , the paper makes a result that license contract with two - part tariff may be the optimal licensing strategy choosed by outside innovator and potential licensee in the case of moral hazard 通过均衡解与预期收益的权衡比较，本文的结论是在存在道德风险的情况下，两部制许可方式是外部创新者与潜在受让人在技术许可博弈中可供选择的最优转让方式。
The evidence suggests that fast innovators will fail to earn the rewards and achieve strong and lasting market positions unless they commit substantial marketing and promotional resources behind the product and aggressively seek to build market acceptance 事实表明，快速的创新者如果不能保证对新产品投入大量的营销和促销资源，并积极寻求市场接纳的话，就不会获得回报和取得强大的、长期的市场地位。
We further will introduce , the digestion , absorb the domestic and foreign advanced business management way , will want the benefit to the management , strives for the establishment the first - class enterprise , macrocosm construction for development innovation best opportunity 我们将进一步引进消化吸收国内外先进的企业管理方式，向管理要效益，争创一流企业，把大世界建造成为开拓创新者的最佳用武之地。
In the thesis , patent system is explained as an exchange - for - secrets contract that social planner supplies for the potential innovators , and its basic function is help firms to measure the costs and benefits of innovations and thus make investment decisions 论文重新认识了专利制度的本质，认为专利制度乃是社会计划者向潜在创新者提供的一种机密交换契约，其主要的功能是为厂商的投资行为提供一个比较基准。
So it can find a feasible way for developing country to eliminish development gap , especial upon the government west development situation , because of above mentioned advantage , imitation innovation becomes the first options in undeveloped area innovation strategy 甚至好的模仿者还可能后来居上，能比创新者占领更大的市场份额。这就为发展中国家从模仿创新的角度发挥后发优势，缩短发展差距找到一条切实可行的道路。
The reason to appear immitation is that any technology including complex technology can be learned , immitator can make use of predominance of junior , to imitate innovator product , or he can purchase innovator patent technology or exclusive technology 模仿所以能出现，是因为任何技术，包括复杂的技术，总是可以学习的。模仿者可以通过反求工程，去模仿创新者的产品，也可以通过合法手段，即购买创新者的专利技术或专有技术来模仿。
The venture investment used as a kind of support to set up investment tool that start a business , in recent years at domestic and international suffer to increasingly pay attention to , and become the important power that push high and new technique industry " s develop 风险投资作为一种支持创新者创业的投资工具，近年来在国内外受到日益重视，成为推动高新技术产业发展的重要力量。而风险投资成功的关键在于项目的选择与项目实施过程中的风险控制。
