Based on the above background , at first , thesis analyzes the characteristics and risk in ship investment . secondly , it presents two kinds of utility function about risk - averse decision - makers . combining with bayes method , author set up ship investment risk evaluation model 基于以上背景，本文首先分析了船舶投资的特点及投资项目所面临的四类风险，结合效用理论给出两种风险厌恶型投资者的效用函数，运用贝叶斯分析方法建立一种新的船舶投资风险模型。
We think that the main contributions of the book is in two aspects : one is the revolution of some concepts such as utility theory , aximatization of game , extended game ; the other is the breaking through in zero - sum two - person games centered on minimax and corporation game centered on characteristic function . this was , in fact , the development and extension of von neumann ' s classic game paper of 1928 . our research shows that these contributions were a pure new theoretical creation , rather than an 认为《博弈论与经济行为》的主要贡献有二个方面：一个方面是在效用理论、博弈的公理化、博弈的扩展形式等等概念上的创新，另一方面是在以极小极大值定理为中心的三人零和博弈理论和以特征函数为中心的合作博弈理论上的创新，这些实际上主要是冯?诺伊曼对其1928年的经典博弈论文章的理论框架的发展和延伸
This dissertation summaries the connotation of this agricultural structure adjustment through the analysis of its background and hammers out its basic theories : sustainable agriculture development theory , economic benefit theory , utility theory , return of scale theory , comparative advantage theory and institution innovation theory 本研究从这次农业结构调整的背景出发，概括出涵义，并在此基础上分析出调整的理论依据：农业可持续发展理论、经济效益理论、效用理论、规模报酬理论、比较优势理论、技术创新理论和制度创新理论。
( 4 ) this system includes bp neural network forecasting model based on fuzzy clustering and rough principal factor analysis model , except for some typical mathematics models , for instance , gray - markov chain forecasting model , bp neural network model , avail theory model method , etc . they were used to resolve some actual problem , such as forecasting machine amount , agricultural machine power and prices 选用多种数学方法建立了模型库，引用具有代表意义的灰色?马尔柯夫链联合预测方法、人工神经网络预测方法和效用理论决策方法建模，提出基于模糊聚类的人工神经网络预测方法和粗糙集因子分析数学模型，并分别对未来农机需求、农机总动力、农机价格等问题进行了探讨和应用分析。
Multiple objectives evaluation index system and analytical hierarchy process ( ahp ) . three decision - making theories on venture capital ( net present value theory , expected utility theory , and option theory ) are compared with each other . for the system engineering component , a multiple objectives evaluation index system was set up , followed by an application of ahp to data processing 本文首先比较分析了净现值理论、预期效用理论、期权理论等典型的风险投资决策理论，然后从系统工程的思想出发，建立了风险投资多目标综合评价指标体系，进而应用多层次分析法数学模型对风险投资决策问题进行了分析。
This paper combined the study of predecessor and use pert predicted method and technology of monte - carlo simulation to get the probability distribution of project ' s random npv , and to use the theory of expected utility to get expected utility value for decision - making to make decision of project 本文结合前人的研究，利用pert预测法和蒙特卡洛模拟法，建立了项目的随机净现值模型。通过分析净现值的概率分布，利用期望效用理论得出决策者的期望效用值，对项目作出决策。
The thesis comprehensively deliberates stochastic and fuzzy character of controlling the cost of engineering construction ; it takes quantitative analysis as the dominant factor , takes qualitative analysis as the secondary factor , establishes an comprehensive system of controlling the cost , and make various theories , the basic principles and the methods of engineering maths in the analysis and calculation of controlling the cost of engineering construction , such as effect theory , fuzzy maths , value engineering , grey system and system simulation . it also establishes the simple and effective practical model . on the basis of practical example , it puts forwards the train of thought and method to controls the cost of engineering construction in the different stage 本论文综合考虑了工程造价控制的随机性和模糊性，以定量分析为主，定性分析为辅，构造了造价控制的综合体系，将效用理论、模糊数学、价值工程、灰色系统、计算机模拟等多种理论及工程数学的基本原理和方法应用到工程项目造价控制的分析和计算中，建立了简便而有效的实用模型，并结合工程实例，提出来了不同阶段工程造价控制的思路和方法，针对不同的情况，综合应用定性与定量的控制方法，消除了以往工程项目造价控制只停留于项目实施阶段的缺陷，提高了量化研究的水平和准确性，为政府建设管理部门进行科学管理及各建设参与单位今后进一步改进自身的项目造价管理工作提供了宝贵的理论依据。
And then , it especially introduces the theoretical basis of pert predicted method and the technology of monte - carlo simulation , it ascertain the random variables of the model by analysing the uncertainty factors of economic effect index . and it brings forward random npv model in the light of basic npv model . using the theory of expected utility to evaluate the risk of project by the probability distribution of project ' s npv 通过分析影响项目经济效益指标的不确定性因素，确定了模型的随机变量；根据基本净现值模型提出了随机净现值模型；通过项目净现值的概率分布运用期望效用理论对项目的风险进行评价。
After china joined wto , with the decrease in the tariff level and with the cancellation of non - tariff rampart , this contradiction will become even more protruding . thus it has been a consensus to reform the current vat and this problem has aroused much attention from the government . at the end of october 2003 , our central government put forward " several proposals on implementing the strategies for rejuvenating the old industrial foundations in the northeast china " and also put forward " carrying out the reform of transforming the productive vat into the consuming vat preferentially in the northeast " 本文运用经济学的边际效用理论、投资乘数原理以及税收学的税收公平和税收效率原则等相关理论,借助大量权威数据,采用定性与定量分析相结合,理论分析与实证分析相结合的分析方法,对消费型增值税在东北地区实施现状进行了分析,并研究了增值税转型对吉林省的投资总量、投资增量、税收总量、产业结构以及企业财务状况等产生了怎样的影响。
This paper applies the masrrow effect and the theory of marginal utility to conduct analysis and investigation of the life - style of garment consumers , stressing that only the brand value of the clothing get promoted continuously , besides fulfilling consumers ' basic needs and providing an added value to the physical article , or even imparting it spiritual and cultural value to consumers ' social status , can a brand enjoy permanent reputation 摘要运用马斯洛效应和边际效用理论，对服装消费者生活形态进行分析和研究，强调只有当服装的品牌价值不断得到提升，除满足消费者基本的实物需求外，还能提供实物价值之外的附加价值，甚至能根据消费者自身的社会地位和扮演的社会角色而赋予其精神和文化价值，品牌才能长久不衰。
