The emulational calculating theories of traction power supply system ' s operating charts combine with actual things of engineering design at present in chapter three , to set up traction web current distributing mathematical model , integral distributing mathematical model , locomotive distribution and obtaining current model at every moment , and on which making use of mathematical planning methods to set up mathematical models is based at every moment in every instance interval of the railroads . for instance , instantaneous current , instantaneous voltage descent and effective current , main changing capacity and so on , in addition , there are the minimum power shortage model , the optimal transformer substation location , the least engineering expenditure , the optimal mathematical model of traction power supply system . optimize design ' s algorithm of traction power supply system is introduced in detail in chapter four , where programming idea and realizing method of the computer software are given an explanation 本研究主要进行了以下工作：结合牵引供电系统运行图的仿真原理和现行工程设计的实际情况，建立了牵引网电流分布、积分分布、任一时刻机车分布和取流的数学模型；应用数学规划方法建立了任一距离区间、任一时刻的瞬时电流、瞬时电压降数学模型和有效电流、主变容量和主变压降、最小功率损失、最佳变电所容量、最佳变电所位置、最少工程费用、最少运营维护费用和牵引供电系统方案最优等方面的数学模型；阐明了牵引供电系统优化设计的算法和计算机软件编程思想及实现方法；进行了工程实例计算；最后，对牵引供电系统优化设计技术应用进行了总结。
Therefore it is the sticking point for solving the problem about separating the duty to find methods by which the customer emission level can be accessed ( the voltage that a customer ' s harmonic current begets at the point of common coupling ) more accurately 由于划分的依据主要由用户与电力系统双方发射的谐波电流在公共联接点引起的电压降的比例决定，因此，寻求对用户谐波发射水平(用户谐波电流在公共联接点所引起的电压降)的准确估计方法，成为了解决责任划分问题的关键。
However , some unique geographical characters , such as fire grounding , bamboo grounding and treetop grounding , can cause single phase high - impedance grounding fault frequently . since the voltage drops down very little and the voltage among three phases keeps symmetric , this fault increases the difficulty of the check on this fault 然而，由火焰接地、毛竹接地或树梢接地等原因引起的单相高阻接地故障，由于电压降小、三相线间电压依然几乎对称，从而增加了高阻接地检测的难度。
Finally , the method of estimating power customer emission level based on binary linear regression is put forward , which make it a condition that harmonic emission is steady at the point of common coupling . combined with power system thevenin equivalent and customer norton equivalent , according to the principle of least squares method , the voltage that a customer ' s harmonic current begets at the point of common coupling can be estimated in the light of the plural correlation of network parameters 最后，提出了基于二元线性回归的用户谐波发射水平估计方法，该方法在假设公共联接点谐波发射稳定的情况下，结合系统侧戴维南等值与用户侧诺顿等值的电路图，按照最小二乘法原理，利用电网各参数的复数关系推导关于系统侧谐波阻抗的二元线性回归方程，并根据谐波阻抗的估计值求取用户谐波电流在公共联四川大学硕士学位论文( 2003 )接点产生的电压降。
With the advance of semiconductor manufacturing , circuits with increasingly higher speed are being integrated at an increasingly higher density , which makes analysis and verification of power grid integrity more important . power grid integrity includes four issues , namely , ir drop analysis , ground bounce analysis , ldi / dt from the pin inductance and em analysis 随着超大规模集成电路集成度和工作频率的不断提高，电源网格完整性分析变得越来越重要，一般有四个关键问题： ir电压降分析、接地点电势上升( groundbounce )分析、来自引脚电感的ldi / dt分析和电子迁移率em分析。
