股东权利

• The third is the third is that rights should be checked and balanced . part iii : perfect our company law to enhance the protection of minority - shareholder . draw lessons from the lawmaking ' s successful experience of abroad company law , t he author in a specific way introduced five special law measures that gives minority - shareholder
  第一是确立现代公司制度的根本宗三机关必须相互制约，股东大会、董事会和监事会都应当既是发挥制约作用的机关，同时也是受制约的机关第三部分: “完善我国《公司法》 ，加强对小股东权利的保护” .借鉴国外公司法立法的成功经验，在实体法上完善我国对小股东的法律保护。
• Part i : the present condition of minority - shareholder " rights protection and the value of constructing the protect system in china . with lots of data and facts , the author discussed that minority - shareholder " rights of our country is seriously violated and the four causes of this condition . next , the author analysis the lack and blemish of minority - shareholder " rights protection in our company law . lastly , the author demonstrated the value to establish the protection system . part ii : the theories foundation and lawmaking principle of minority - shareholder " rights protection
  在我国，尽管股份公司的出现和公司法的制定是近十多年来的事，但随着改革的深入和股份经济的普遍发展，如何对公司小股东合法权益加以特别保护，也是当前理论界和法律实务中亟需解决的问题因此，本文从分析世界先进国家公司立法在理论基础，立法原则，实体法以及司法救济方面给予小股东一系列完善的法律保护体系入手，借鉴其成功经验并结合我国实际来完善我国公司立法对小股东权利的保护。
• Finally , it brings up suggestions in some aspects summarily , for example , establishing mechanism to punish the failure behavior ; solving agency cost of government ownership ; enhancing function of board of directors ; guaranteeing right of shareholder ; develop capital market ; start every kind mechanism of company management
  第五，总结性的对建立现代公司治理制度在一些方面提出了建议，如建立对失败行为有效惩罚的市场机制；解决全民所有权的代理成本；加强董事会的作用；保障股东权利；发展资本市场；加强各种公司治理机制的协调统一。
• Enhencing and perfecting some rights of the minority shareholders . for instance , the right to know , the right of control , voting power , the appraisal right of dissenters , etc . at last , the paper calls for starting up the judicial practice of shareholder ' s litigation in china
  鉴于我国股权保护法律措施的欠缺，笔者以为应该大力扩张弱势股东权利，以形成一个同规制控制股东行为相得益彰的弱势股东权利保护机制。首先，应确保弱势股东的知情权，此乃股东最基础的权利。
• Author chose this topic and try to analyse the problem from a new angle , which includs two aspects , one is establishing the controling shareholders " fiduciary duty and strengthening their civil liability ; the other is enhencing the minority shareholders " rights in order to restrict the controling shareholders " power . on the basis of studing about abroad modern theory and practice , writer gives some reasonable suggestions in order to perfect our country ' s legislation
  故笔者特意选择确立控制股东的诚信义务并强化其民事责任，以及完善弱势股东权利以加强对控制股东权力的内部制衡这一视角，谨就弱势股东权利保护问题作一肤浅探讨，并在借鉴别国先进理论和立法经验的基础上，针对我国现行《公司法》 、 《证券法》之不足，提出了一些合理化建议。
• But the principle of company law that the power of decision resides in those who control most of the share has decided the minority shareholder have difficulties in participating in the management and decision - making of the company , therefore , we should start with improving the shareholders ' voting rights system and the shareholder ' s right remedy mechanism , to limit the major stockholder ' s power , guarantee the minority shareholder ' s legitimate rights and interests
  而资本多数决这一公司法的基本原则决定了小股东难于参与公司的经营决策，为此，要从健全完善股东会的表决权制度和股东权利救济机制入手，限制大股东权利，保障小股东的合法权益。
• On one side , it advances economy ; on the other side , it also brings on many legal problems . therefore each country regulates the possible problems caused by it through legislation . however , 2005 revision of the " prc corporation law " has failed to make corresponding regulation against cross share holding
  负面效应体现在公司相互持股严重扭曲公司治理结构;导致公司虚增资本;导致市场封闭,阻却有效竞争,影响证券市场健康发育;客观上导致自己股份性,形成出资返还的后果;导致公司股东权利义务的失衡,损害小股东的利益;引发内幕交易等。
• As for the relationship between the first issue and the second issue , the agreement of share transfer and the delivery of the share certificate shall be the precondition for the holder of the share certificate to assert its right to the company . from the perspective of the international conflict law , the first issue is the preliminary question of the second issue
  至于两者之间的关系,应当说,股份转让合意的达成和股份证书的交付及其有效性是股份证书持有人据以向公司主张股东权利的前提条件,从国际私法角度而言,前者往往在司法实践中构成后者的先决问题。
• But they haven ’ t regulated how the corporation ’ s third party stakeholders should use the judicatory methods to ask the trespassers to give amends . this legislation blank can ’ t sufficiently protect the corporation ’ s third party stakeholders just like protecting the stockholders , the corporation ’ s third party stakeholders still can ’ t use the judicial methods to protect their legal rights and interests
  立法上的这种空白,导致程序法上公司第三方利益相关者的权利并不能象股东权利一样获得诉权的有力保障,公司第三方利益相关者仍无法通过诉讼手段来维护自己的合法权益。