Data was collected in different ways including interview ( with teachers , students and the principals ) , on - site observation , participative observation , and documents analysis . finally , data were categorized into three inter - related parts for further analysis , that is : ( 1 ) concepts and concepts sharing , ( 2 ) regulations and change in professional behavior , and ( 3 ) school custom and self - development 本项研究通过访谈、现场观察、阅读文献资料以及直接参与学校活动等方式收集各种相关资料，从观念与观念共享、制度与行为变化、习俗与自我发展3个方面对所收集的资料进行了归类及分析。
Proceeding from existing core competence theory , combining a large number of document analysis and theory discussion and on the basis of summing up existing core competence theory and method , this thesis puts forward a new visual angle of core competence , that is to carry on evaluation of core competence first , then carry on discernment of core competence on this basis 本文从现有核心能力理论出发，结合大量的文献分析和理论探讨，在归纳现有核心能力理论和方法基础上，提出核心能力评判的一个新思路，就是先进行核心能力的评价，然后在此评价基础上进行核心能力的识别。
So the countermeasures are not quite suitable . according to this , in this article , it chooses the historical and present circumstances of the reform and development of rural fundamental education curricula in the new period as the object of study , and the fundamental approach and adaptable approach as the breach , analysises the history of rural fundamental education curricula ' s development with methods of document analysis and case study and so on , sums up the lessons and morals , comes up with the basic countermeasures in future according to its tendency 有鉴于此，本文选取我国新时期农村基础教育课程改革与发展的历史与现实为研究对象，以研究农村基础教育课程的基础性和适切性为突破口，采用文献法、个案法等方法探讨了农村基础教育课程发展的历史轨迹，总结了其中的经验教训，并根据农村教育课程改革与发展的趋势，提出了未来农村基础教育课程改革与发展基本对策。
Test mental is not only a sharing structure , but also a lasting process . the overall and systematic researches on the test mental acting in difference stage have never appeared , which start from lasting time , sharing consciousness and test situation . based on the existence studies , by using document analyses , adopting scales , path analyses , factor analyses , experience verify , experiment verify , this study explores the test mental action process ; the connotation , structure , function and developmental principle of test mental quality ; the possibility , actuality and efficiency of educational experiment 本研究采用文献研究法、问卷调查法、路径分析法、因素分析法、经验实证法与实验验证法等研究方法，在借鉴国内外已有研究成果的基础上，从揭示中学生考试心理问题的发展现状出发，系统考察考试心理活动过程揭示考试心理素质的内涵、结构、功能及其发展规律；探讨运用心理素质教育实验解决其考试心理问题进而促进学生考试心理素质发展的可能性、现实性和有效性。
This artcle is in the curriculum change of visin on studying the problem about the curriculum design of the univercity studsents culture competence education . in the general , adopting the systematic analysis as the main line , this article makes the inquiry into the basic problems of the curriculum design and on the idea , the methodology , the key element of the univercity students culture competence education , and on the basic , puting forward the idea of the " realm synthesis " curriculum design and the model , compling with the principle : combining the theoris with the practice , uniting the fact and the valuation , integrating the histroy and the logic , and using the way of the material demonstration , comparision , document analysis , histroy study , positivist 本文是在高等学校课程体系改革的实践视野里来研究大学生文化素质教育的课程设计问题。总体上，本文以理论与实践的结合、事实与价值的统一、历史与逻辑的统一为研究的基本原则，以系统的分析方法为主线，采用实证、比较、文献分析、历史研究、理论论证等手段，主要探讨课程设计的基本问题及大学生文化素质教育课程设计的理念、方法论及基本要素，并在其基础上提出“领域综合”的课程设计理念及设计模式。
The nses is a guide to strategies , structures , and policies that support world - class science education in the united states . the intent of this paper is two - fold : 1 ) to provide a brief historical overview of science education standards in the united states ; 2 ) to examine the influences of the science education standards implementation . the research methods were historical documents analysis , factor analysis and comparison principal 本文通过研究美国《国家科学教育课程标准》的历史演进，揭示美国目前的科学教育改革的历史渊源与现实背景；在对美国《国家科学教育课程标准》进行文本研究与综合分析的基础上，概括出该标准五大特点；进而深入讨论影响美国科学教育课程标准实施的多层因素；最后对中美两国的科学课程标准与科学教育改革作比较分析，对我国科学教育改革提出了一些看法和建议。
On the basis of document analysis , this paper gave a definition of problem representation , deviding it into external representation and internal representation , and also expounded the significance of the research , and summarized the actuality and found the former research focused on the mechanism of problem representation , contributory factors and definition layers . much research focused on expert - novice differences 本文在文献分析的基础上，对问题表征进行了界定，分为问题的外部表征和内部表征；指出了开展问题表征研究的意义；概述了问题表征在一般问题和学科问题领域的研究情况，研究主要集中于学科问题，如问题表征的形成机制、影响因素、问题表征层次划分。
Based on the above - studied , and taking representative and objectivity into consideration , this paper singles out service quality of guilin ' s three - star hotels for study , takes the study methods of on - the - spot investigation , document analysis , and comparing , concludes some valuable information for improvement of the hotel " service quality 基于以上的认识，考虑研究的代表性和现实性，本文选取桂林市三星级酒店服务质量为研究对象；采用了现场调查法、资料分析法以及比较分析法；得到了一些对酒店服务质量提高有价值的结论。
