The findings show that ( 1 ) most acceleration mechanisms would facilitate npd speed effectively except the external sourcing of knowledge ; ( 2 ) internal corporate - level acceleration mechanism has a positive direct and indirect influences on project success , while two acceleration mechanisms of internal project - level and external sourcing of knowledge only have indirect effects ; ( 3 ) the result identifies a significant positive relationship between npd speed and quality as well as a significant negative relationship between npd speed and cost 主要研究发现为： ( 1 )除了外部技术来源加速机制一项外，其他加速机制都能有效加速新产品开发速度； ( 2 )内部公司层级加速机制对专案成功有正向的直接效果与间接效果，而内部计画层级加速机制与外部技术来源加速机制两项则仅有间接效果； ( 3 )新产品开发速度愈快，愈能降低开发成本以及提升开发品质。
This paper discusses the limitation of the traditional method to measure the relationship between international trade and economic growth , establishes a new mode , measures the direct and indirect effect of export on economic growth , and on the basis of this surveys and evaluates objectively the status , function and contribution of international trade in the economic growth of our country 摘要文章论述了传统的对外贸与经济增长关系的测算方法存在的缺陷，建立了新的模型，测算了我国出口对经济增长的直接效应和间接效应，从而对我国外贸在我国经济发展中的地位、作用和贡献做出一个较客观的测量和评价。
The loading effects of the atmosphere are the sum of the direct effect , which comes from its newtonian attraction to any point on the surface or within the interior of the earth , and the indirect effects , which is induced by the earth ' s deformation and additional gravitational potential arising from redistribution of the mass because it can be regarded as the surface loads . they are traditionally expressed as the convolution integration of the atmospheric green ' s function , which is virtually the sum of the elastic and gravitational green ' s functions , and the measured values of the barometric pressure on the earth ' s surface over the globe 随着现代大地测量技术和数据分析手段的日益提高，大气对各类物理场地表观测的负荷影响必须予以考虑，大气的负荷效应为直接效应(大气对地球表面及内部点产生直接吸引)和间接效应(大气作为表面负荷作用于地球，导致地球的弹性形变和内部质量的重新分布，产生附加位)之和，习惯上表示为大气格林函数(弹性项和直接引力项格林函数之和)和地表气压观测值的全球褶积积分
