Roughly acquire optical depth of clear sky and clouds from radiation station data and routine meteorological data of land surface , and the study the relationship between clouds " physical character and radiation . obtain the relationship between surface and near - ground atmosphere , and then according to this estimate surface albedo and surface net . by analyzing the relationship between satellite visible spectra , infrared spectra , and water vapor spectra values and radiation , by means of radiation transfer theory , analyze and deducethe relationship between clouds and radiation , and establish relationships between satellite value and global radiation and net 通过卫星云图的计数值来判断云对辐射的作用，以此建立起它们之间的关系；利用地面观测资料和常规资料来粗略求取晴空大气和云光学厚度，进而研究云的物理属性与辐射关系；简单的获取地表与近地面大气之间的辐射关系，以此估算地表的反照率，和地表的净辐射；分析了卫星可见光、红外及水汽云图计数值和地面辐射之间关系，利用辐射传输公式来推倒和分析云对辐射的关系，试图建立起卫星测值与地表总辐射和净辐射之间的关系，并将晴空和有云的个例分开，分别建立并选出最佳模式，以此来估算地表的净辐射和总辐射。
To improve understanding of the processes of heterogeneous land surface - atmosphere interaction , the utilization of satelli te remote sensing is indispensadle . in this paper , with the aid of satellite remote sensing and fiend observational data which observed during intensive observation of huaihe river bain energy and water cycle experiment hubex in 1998 , the surface albedo , ndvi normalized difference vegetaton index and surface temperature in regional scale of hubex could be derived . then , the distribution of regional energy balance components could be estimated . this wor provided the physical foundation for the numerical simulation of the huaihe river basin energy and water pro cesses , and is important for us to further analyze the regional distribution of surface characteristic parameters ad energy balance components with the change of the weather situation in hubex in 1998 . our work is still in a developing stage , some methods of retrieval in the paper should be improved further 利用1998年淮河流域加密观测试验hubex iop期间的资料，进行淮河流域能量平衡的参数化方案的研究，用noaa卫星的avhrr资料建立了试验区地表特征参数及能量平衡各分量的参数化方程，并对卫星遥感反演结果和试验观测值进行了对比，为淮河流域能量和水循环的数值模拟提供了物理依据。
First , under the given boundary condition and reasonable simplified condition , this paper develops radiation transmitting equations in atmosphere applied in infrared waveband and visual light waveband from common equation of radiation transmitting . then , the formula between observation of satellite and net surface radiation is established according to the developed equations , from which it is found that net surface radiation is relative to sun zenith , land surface and cloud albedo , etc . at last , by using data of satellite visual light ( vis ) , infrared 1 ( ir1 ) , infrared 2 ( ir2 ) and water vapor ( ir3 ) channel , sun zenith and net surface radiation , a regression formula is built 本文从大气中太阳辐射传输的一般性方程入手，引入边界条件及简化条件，推导出红外波段和可见光波段的大气辐射传输方程，由此建立起卫星观测辐射与地面净辐射的关系，文章还就卫星观测到的辐射与云量、云高、云的光学厚度、云及地面反照率等之间的关系进行了理论分析，可以帮助更好地理解云对地面净辐射的影响。
My factory craft equipment advanced , technical force abundant , examines well appointed , has the computer laser granularity cryoscope , the luminosity meter , the electric conductance meter , the albedo meter and so on , the product quality is stable , obtains the customer the consistent high praise and the approval , this factory satisfies the customer by the remarkable product and the high quality service the request 我厂工艺装备先进，技术力量雄厚，检测设备齐全，拥有电脑激光粒度测定仪、光度仪、电导仪、白度仪等，产品质量稳定，得到客户的一致好评和认可，本厂以卓越的产品和优质的服务来满足客户的要求。
In short , through retrieving the parameter such as surface albedo , surface temperature and surface emissivity , all the energy flux such as net radiance flux , soil heat flux and latent heat flux can be computed in sequence further , then latent heat flux which provide energy for et can be computed based on energy balance equation , finally instantaneous et and daily et can be obtained 总之，根据地表能量平衡方程，通过计算对地表反照率、地表温度、地表比辐射系数、归一化植被指数等参数进行反演，进一步计算出了地表净辐射通量，土壤热通量和潜热通量，最后获得了遥感影像成像时的瞬时蒸散及当天的总蒸散量。
The characteristic of surface radiation , energy balance , albedo , bulk momentum transfer coefficient cd and bulk sensible heat transfer coefficient ch between surface and atmosphere over rainfed field are analyzed based on the data of land - surface process field experiment in the dingxi arid meteorology and ecological environment experimental station 利用中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所定西干旱气象与生态环境试验基地取得的地气相互作用观测试验资料，分析了地表辐射、地表能量平衡、地表反射率、总体输送系数等特征。
Some variables regional distribution over south ningxia is given out in the course of evapotranspiration estimation : the regional distribution of surface characteristic parameters ( normalzed difference vegetation index , surface albedo , surface temperature ) , radiation balance components ( surface absorbed shortwave radiation , surface longwave radiation , atmospheric counter radiation , net radiation ) , surface heat and balance components ( soil heat flux , sensible heat flux , latent heat flux ) 估算区域蒸发(散)量的过程中，得到许多有意义的量：地表特征参数(植被指数ndvi 、地表反射率、地表温度) ；地表辐射平衡各量(地表短波吸收辐射、地表长波辐射、大气逆辐射、地表净辐射) ；地表热量平衡各量(土壤热通量、显热通量、潜热通量) 。
It is shown that the albedo of melting particles may be more than the raindrops and snow spheres at c , x and ku - band . these results are in agreement with the conclusion observed by radar and given in literature . it demonstrates that the water - coated snow sphere model of melting particles is appropriate and practicable 应用该模型和涂层球的bhcoat法，计算了融化粒子的散射和反照率w _ 0 ；结果表明，在c 、 x和ku波段，融化粒子的w _ 0要比雨滴和雪粒子的大，这与雷达观测和文献结果一致，表明了该模型是切实可用的。
A transfer model is established , which can be used to study the interaction between the land surface physical processes of inhomogeneous region and the structure of atmosphere boundary - layer over urban and rural terrains . the model has simulated surface heat flux , surface temperature , temperature profiles , height of mixture layer and so on . and the differences between urban area , suburban area and rural area have been compared . this model mainly depends on the parameters below : surface albedo , surface roughness coefficient , moisture available coefficient of soil , thermal capacity and thermal diffusion coefficient of errain , cloudage . the result shows that this model can simulate the structure and eigenvalues of atmosphere boundary layer and their changes in a day . parameters used in this model aim at beijing city , and the time is at the beginning of september . to other cities , or other time , the parameters should be adjusted accordingly . in addition , being adjusted , the model can also be used for other homogeneous and inhomogeneous terrains 模式主要依赖于以下参数和物理量：地面反照率下垫面粗糙度土壤的可含水量下垫面的热容量和热扩散系数云量等参数。结果表明，本模式能合理地模拟不同地表热量平衡地表气温混合层高度湍流交换系数湍流动能位温廓线等，以及它们的日变化。该模式所取参数主要针对北京市，时间为九月初，对于其他城市，参数应作相应的调整。
At first , we design a nonlinear parameterized scheme of planetary albedo , and put forward a multiple - parameter zero - dimensional climatic model on the basis of zero - dimensional energy balance model . using it to qualitatively discuss the impact of earth effective radiance , planetary albedo and atmospheric transmittivity on the climatic system behaviour , and analyze the stochastic process of this system later 本文首先在零维能量平衡模式基础上，设计了一种行星反照率的非线性参数化方案，提出了一个多参数非线性零维气候模式，用于定性地讨论说明地面有效辐射率、行星反照率和大气透明状况对气候系统性态行为的影响，最后分析了系统的随机过程。
