At the base of compiler forepart , considering repertoire , addressing mode and instruction period of object machine , adopting backfill to fill data for machine code in order to generate right object code , assemble language program 在编译前端的基础上，考虑目标机的指令系统、寻址方式和指令周期，采用回填技术对机器码填充数据以生成等价有效的目标代码? ?汇编语言程序。
According to the coulomb ' s earth pressure theory , from the condition of the static equilibrium of the force when the slide wedge was in limit equilibrium , a formula was derivated for the calculation of active earth pressure of cohesive or non - cohesive backfill soils 摘要根据库伦土压力的计算原理，从滑动楔体处于极限平衡状态时力的静力平衡条件出发，推导出了计算粘性土或无粘性土主动土压力的公式。
By analyzing the effects of some factors on the settlement of backfill behind abutment , such as module of embankment filler , module of flexible approach slab , spacing , layer nlength , the paper proposes some important design parameters . as a result , the design is optimized 通过分析路基填料类型、柔性搭板模量、间距、层数、长度等因素对沉降的影响，得出了一些有指导意义的设计参数，从而优化了设计。
With tabia which is composed of saline soil , lime and crushed stone as an example of backfill engineering , a series of experiments of physical and mechanical properties were carried out to investigate the compressive strength and contributing factors of tabia 摘要以由盐渍土、石灰、石子组成的材料（三合土）对地基进行回填处理工程为例，通过一系列三合土物理力学性能实验，分析了三合土的抗压强度以及影响因素。
Organize the professional squad to deal with the barriers , led by technicians , use the specialized tools , such as road cutting machine , pneumatic pick , to deal with the obstacles spots , embed pipe , wearing plastic - pipe , and plugging end , backfill and compact it 组织处理障碍点的专业小分队，由技术人员带领，使用专用工具，例如路面切割机，风镐等，处理线路上的障碍点，预埋钢管，穿放塑料子管，封堵端头，回填并夯实。
The scheme of natural draining and pre - compression with stacking load has not only treated the dredging region , but also prepared a great deal of rocks for the second - stage construction of dayaowan and saved time for backfill work . and it will be possible that the berth 11 # of the second - stage construction is put into production as soon as possible . the scheme simplifies the unnecessary process of foundation treatment and its direct economic benefit and the social benefit are very remarkable 在随后进行的大窑湾吹填区两个场地堆载处理的工程实践中，借鉴了本次方案研究的成果，采用自然排水堆载预压方案，既进行了吹填区的处理，也为大窑湾二期准备了大量的开山石料，节省了回填工期，从而使二期11泊位尽早投产成为可能；从经济效益角度分析，采用此方案简化了不必要的基础处理过程，直接效益与社会效益非常显著。
Abstract : based on soil plasticity and limit analysis theory , the second failure surface of backfill behind retaining wall with gentle back surface are studied from two view points of maximum active soil pressure and minimum resistive overturning safety factor , and it is further considered that the minimum resistive overturning safety factor is the best approach to studying the failure mechanism of backfill under complex back surface conditions of retaining structures 文摘:基于土的塑性极限分析理论，从挡土墙最小抗倾覆安全系数和挡土墙背上的最大主动土压力两个角度，分别研究了坦墙后土体中第二破裂面的位置，认为在复杂的挡土结构墙背条件下，用最小抗倾覆安全系数来研究挡土墙后土体的破坏机制较为合理。
The evolution , state of the art and the developing trend of the lateral seismic inertia force calculation for retaining wall and / or bridge abutment and the calculation of the seismic cohesive backfill soil pressure are reviewed . the approaches of seismic analysis of retaining walls and bridge abutments in the current highway codes of china are studied in detail and the shortcomings in the analysis procedure and the necessity of further improvements to them are pointed out 综合评述国内外公路工程抗震设计规范中地震作用计算方法以及地震土压力计算方法的演进历史及现状，详细分析我国现行公路工程抗震设计规范中挡土墙和桥台的抗震验算方法，指出存在的问题和解决这些问题的必要性。
On basis of a review of the recent achievements , the distribution of the lateral seismic inertia force along the height of retaining wall and / or bridge abutment , and the calculation of the seismic soil pressure of cohesive backfill are treated with in this paper , for the revision of chinese earthquake resistant design code for highway construction , and a suggestion to combine sei smic design of retaining wall and of bridge abutment together into one chapter from the past in two chapters in the previous version is also worked out 结合规范jtj004 ? 89的修编，本文在总结已有研究成果的基础上，主要研究了挡土墙和桥台地震惯性力沿高度分布的规律，粘性填土的地震土压力计算和计算公式的简化，以及在公路工程抗震设计规范中将挡土墙和桥台的抗震设计归入一章的问题，具体包括如下5项工作。
