Submerged vegetations ( aquatic vegetation ) with abundant nutrition is a kind of biotic resources , compared with terrestrial plants , their different physics properties make the drying problem as one of the most difficulties that limite their rational exploitation and utilization 摘要沉水植物（水草）是1类富含营养的生物资源，与陆生植物具有不同的物料特性，致使水草的干燥问题一直是制约这一资源有效开发利用的瓶颈。
But whether pharmaceutical plants can develop sustainably or not is critical , for example the biotic diversity has decreased rapidly , ecological environment has degenerated , the waste of resources is serious , quality of medical materials isn ’ t standardized 但药用植物资源本身能否可持续发展却面临着严峻的考验,例如生物多样性锐减,生态环境退化,资源浪费严重,药材质量未走上标准化道路等因素,阻碍了药用植物资源的可持续发展的步伐。
Many scholars have studied the sustainable development of forest , biotic and natural resources . but there is no systematic researches on the system of sustainable development of plant resources and its choice of the path 关于森林资源、生物资源、自然资源这些方面的可持续发展研究的学者很多,而具体到药用植物资源,大多从植物学、生态学的角度进行研究,从经济学的角度出发,对药用植物资源的可持续发展体系及其实现的路径选择目前还没有系统的研究。
Oxidative stress , an common secondly stress occurring after many kind of biotic or abiotic stresses such as salt stress , drought , heavy metal , radiation , low temperature , microbic infection , can change the plant internal redox environment and subsequently disturb its growth processes , metablism and existence 氧化胁迫是普遍发生于植物胁迫应答过程中的生理现象，植物在遭受盐碱、干旱、重金属、辐射、低温等多种胁迫时常常会发生次生性氧化胁迫(伤害) 。
Tagatose , a natural low - calorie bulk sweetener , has many physiological functions including anti - hyperglycemia , pre - biotic effects and non - cariogenicity . the characteristics of tagatose , its physiological functions , manufacture methods and its application were detailed 摘要塔格糖是一种天然的低能量填充型甜味剂，并具有抑制高血糖、改善肠道菌群和不致龋齿等多种生理功效。文中从介绍塔格糖的性质、生理功能入手，详细论述了它的生产方法及在食品中的应用情况。
The two main development tendencies of environmental hydraulics were introduced , first , ecological hydraulics with the research subject changing from abiotic components to biotic ones ; second , to be associated with " 3s " techniques with research water area changing from small areas to river basins 摘要当前环境水力学发展有两个重要的趋势，一是研究对象由无生命组分进人有生命组分，向生态水力学发展；二是与“ 3s ”结合，研究水域由小变大，向流域性水域发展。
One is by the organism itself , so usually if you give an anti - biotic or an anti - viral it kills the virus or the micro - organism so the patient recovers . the second reason you get sick is the body s response to the infection . the body s response is intended to kill the virus or bacteria 现时我们一直在研究，追查那些医护人员受到感染，那些医护人员到过这个地方，其实找出这个个案时，我们要回顾在医护人员受感染前的两、三个星期，有甚么病人曾进入该病房。
Two methods were used to provide water quality ratings in bio - assessment using biotic index ( bi ) , ( 1 ) using the sampled sites meet the criteria for undisturbed and minimally impaired conditions , the confidence in the distribution of bi value for the 75th percentile to be used as the criterion dividing " unimpaired " form " impaired " . any values below the 75th percentile were considered as " excellent " , and values above the 75th percentile , was quadrisected for different water quality ratings 采用两种方法研究m指数划分水质级别的标准： （ 1 ）无污染样点的m指数值法，以75分位数值作为最清洁水质标准，将高于此值的可能分布范围一等分，分别代表不同的水质级别zk ）所有样点（污染与无污染样点）的bi指数值法，以5分位数值作为最清洁水质的标准，将高于此值的可能分布范围4等分，分别代表不同的水质级别。
We synthetically discussed intraspecific differentiation and evolution , from four biotic levels of population , individual , cell and gene . intraspecific differentiations in morphology were investigated firstly . the results indicated that there are varied polymorphsim within populations , and obvious polytypism among populations 本文在形态分类的基础上，根据居群生物学的原理和方法，对淡黄花百合的形态学、细胞学、分子生物学进行了研究，从居群、个体、细胞和基因四个层次综合探讨了该种植物的种内分化与进化。
Biotic or abiotic stimuli can first cause the alteration in apoplastic signaling system ; on the other hand , apoplast provides a convenient pathway for cell - cell communication , and therefore plays a key role in regulation of cell differentiation , organ genesis , and growth development of plants 当植物遭受生物或非生物环境刺激时，可能首先引起质外体信号系统的变化；同时质外体作为植物细胞之间最方便的通道，在细胞间信号传递和信息交流上起重要作用，从而成为协调植物细胞分化、器官形成和整体生长发育的决定性因素之一。
