Deadweight of dam , hydraulic pressure , temperature and concrete creep can result in high local tensile stress near the orifice in arch dams , which lead to concrete cracking . it can affect the safety of the arch dam , so steel bars are needed near the orifice 拱坝的孔口附近区域在坝体自重、库水压力、孔内水压、温度和徐变等多种作用影响下会产生较大的拉应力,从而导致孔边混凝土开裂,对大坝的整体安全性造成影响,因此须进行配筋。
Because frp has great advantages in strength and efficiency , convenience in construction , good durability and corrosion resistance , extensive fields of application , low deadweight , and hardly changing the structural dimensions , so it ' s broadly used in construction engineering 由于它与传统的结构加固技术相比,具有高强高效、施工便捷、耐久性及耐腐蚀性好、适用面广、自重轻、不增加结构尺寸等优点,在实际工程中得到广泛的应用。
To try to capture all that which contributes to deadweight loss under the verbal rubric of “ transaction costs ” weakens a useful concept without gaining understanding of incompleteness of markets , asymmetries of information , and insusceptibilities of various technologies to decentralized pricing algorithms 试图把资源浪费的所有因数用语言归结为交易成本,只能削弱而非增进对有用概念的理解:包括市场缺失、信息不对称、技术壁垒、和分权的定价算法。
The distortion resulting from antenna ' s deadweight results that the fact surface departures the theoretical surface regularly . at the same time , because of moulding and weld fault , the measurement data departures the theoretical surface randomly . the process of the data processing is composed of three steps 雷达天线处于架设状态下,由于自重变形导致实际面形偏离理论面,造成变形系统误差;而蒙皮表面加工及焊点接触不良则造成天线面的随机误差。
During these years , subsidiaries and joint venture offices have been strategically set up in various shipping centers including london , manila , singapore , beijing and shanghai etc . at present , the group owns a fleet of 38 vessels totaling about 2 . 0 million deadweight , including bulk - carriers , container - carriers , oil tankers and chemical tankers 集团先后已在中国菲律宾新加坡等地设立了子公司及合资公司。目前,拥有船队总载重量约200多万吨,船型有:散货船集装箱船油船化学品船等共38艘。
On the basis of relative researches in the world , analyze buckling of cfst ( concrete filled steel tubular ) arch bridge , and present the conception of partially cfst arch bridge . moreover , contrast planar buckling and deformation in using phase of traditional cfst arch bridge and partially cfst arch bridge by analysis of finite element methods , and elucidate the advantage of partially cfst arch bridge is light deadweight and better stability by actual bridge ' s calculate 本文在国内外研究成果的基础上,通过对钢管混凝土拱桥稳定性的分析,提出了部分灌注钢管混凝土拱桥的构想,进而用有限元分析了传统全部灌注钢管混凝土拱桥和部分灌注钢管混凝土拱桥的面内整体稳定性和使用阶段的位移变形,并通过实桥算例对比说明了部分灌注钢管混凝土拱桥自重轻,稳定性好,且变形值满足使用阶段的要求。
5 ) sea trial of the actual vessel . as a result , the effect of power - saving for the hd type ' s 70 , 000 deadweight panamax oil thaker is much higher , the performance of hd propeller is better than mau propeller and the cooperation among the hull , main engine and propeller is better too 试验结果表明:沪东型七万吨级巴拿马油轮的综合节能效果显著;沪东型( hd )螺旋桨效率较mau图谱桨性能优良;沪东型( hd )螺旋桨与船、机匹配,经实船航行试验验证船舶在满载状况下( t 12
Yingxian wooden pagoda has favorable aseismatic capability , as it used similar modern core - in - core structure , and fixed many batter brace make it become modern rigid reinforced floors in every hidden floor , and slope of bearing post made it that the level and uprightness frame integrate tightly . under the deadweight , every structural floors form centripetal force . those earthquake resistant measures resist many the strong destroy of earthquake in history 由于木塔采用了唐代殿堂内、外分槽的结构形式,用两层柱圈构成筒体,并逐层加设了层高较低称为平坐的刚度加强层,再加上两圈柱子都由下至上向内倾斜对筒体形成环箍力,这些措施帮助木塔抵抗了多次强烈地震而未倒。
So it is appears important to analyse capability of this structure , the people can compute all kinds of complex structure ’ s response under different sorts of exact load on current software , but the source program of the computing question , which is “ black box ” , on the contrary , fepg can get the source program , which can provide preference for the optimization of structure , even embed in the optimizing program and save much time of compiling program , linking to ga to identify the load can get the good result . so the problem is solved to alleviate the deadweight and the optimize design of the structure , as well as improve its secure capability 对格栅结构进行力学分析就显得至关重要,尽管利用通用有限元软件能够计算结构承受任意可以准确描述的载荷作用下的响应问题,但内部计算却是“黑箱”操作,利用fepg可以得到计算源代码,能够为优化程序提供参考甚至可以嵌入其中,节省繁琐的有限元计算编程内容,结合遗传算法进行载荷重构,往往会收到很好的效果,这就解决了由于工作环境比较复杂,引起响应的载荷难以直接测量得到的难题,从而为结构优化设计和提高安全性能的提供了保障。
With the help of the whole optimization , the effective volume capacity was broadened , the deadweight was decreased to 23 . 77t , and the load capacity was up to 60t . the intensity and the rigidity of the car were both measure up tb / t1335 - 1996 railway vehicle - specification for evaluation the intensity design and accreditation test 通过整体的优化设计,增大了车辆的有效容积,使车辆的自重降低到23 . 77吨,设计载重提升到60吨,车体的刚度、强度均符合tb t1335 ? 1996 《铁道车辆强度设计及试验鉴定规范》的要求。