Hwang , hong ( 1984 ) " intra - industry trade and oligopoly : a conjectural variations approach " , canadian journal of economics , vol . 17 , no . 1 , pp . 126 - 137 黄鸿( 1983 )寡?市场中最适与最大税收关税之比较， 《中国经济学会年会论文集》 ，页99 - 113 。
This leaves some wondering if credit ratings are a natural oligopoly , with new entrants offering a level of choice that investors simply do not want 这让一些人怀疑信用评级业是否是自然的寡头垄断? ?投资者并不需要新入者提供的一定程度的选择。
Through comparative analyses of four market structures , we reach a conclusion that oligopoly is a market structure that has a minimized deviation from effective competition 通过各种市场结构的比较分析，得出寡头垄断是与有效竞争要求偏差最小的一种市场结构形式。
In the traditional theory of oligopoly structure , especially for the iron and steel industry , how to select strategy to those enterprises who stay " in the middle of competitive position " 在传统的寡头垄断市场理论中，尤其钢铁行业中，对“夹在中间”的企业应该如何选择战略
The best possible outcome is an ultimate oligopoly of us companies , the worst case scenario is one monopolistic media - hardware - software giant 最好的可能结果是美国公司的一种极端的（少数公司）对市场的控制，而最坏的情节则是出现一间涵盖媒体-硬体-软体的垄断巨人。
The role of non - use value appears to be important , especially for the case that non - use values influence the results for different levels of competitiveness in the output market of oligopoly 其中，非使用价值所扮演的角色是重要的，特别是当非使用价值的多寡会影响到寡占市场中不同厂商间的竞争程度。
Firstly the text puts forward the concepts of " the related industry region " , and studies the two basis market structures of " monopolistic competition " and " oligopoly " between district industries mostly 本文首先提出了“产业相关区域”的概念，进而分析了寡头竞争和垄断竞争这两种基本市场结构中的区域产业竞争。
The economies of scale in the production of residential flats have also led to an oligopoly on the supply side , with developers having greater influence on the price of residential property than would otherwise be the case 基于地产发展有经济规模的考虑，住宅单位的供应更形成寡头垄断的局面，发展商有较大能力左右住宅物业的价格。
Market structure of wine industry is oligopoly . because the market concentration degree is relatively high , market performance is better when compared with other alcohol drink processing industries since 1996 由于葡萄酒行业的市场集中程度高，其市场绩效(销售收入利润率、产值利税率等)相比较于其他酿酒行业来说都更高，亏损面也更小。
