Getter-ion pumps decrease chamber pressure by chemical reaction of residual gases with an evaporated metal . 吸气离子泵通过剩余气体与蒸发的金属之间的化学反应减少了内腔的压力。
Since the cope is usually made by flamed cutting, a high residual tensile stress exists along the burned edge . 由于修割工作通常用火焰烧割，沿着烧切边缘就存着较高的残余拉应力。
The solution was then sparged with nitrogen to remove any residual benzene or any chlorine formed in the oxidation step . 然后用氮喷射溶液，除去任何残留的苯和在氧化时生成的氯。
The residual negative charge is balanced by cations between the chains which also serve to hold the chains together . 残余负电荷被链间阳离子所中和，这些阳离子也起将链联系到一起的作用。
This separation step is rather lengthy and cannot always be achieved, due to a high residual content of pyrite in the kerogen . 由于油母质中黄铁矿的剩余含量较高，这个分离过程相当长，而且总是不能达到。
When the heights of the junction points have been determined, the residuals in the observation equations must be distributed along the lines . 结点高程决定以后，观测方程的剩差，必须均匀分配到沿线各点。
in fact, the experiment could have revealed a residual charge as small as e per atom, and none was observed. 事实上，这个实验是能够测出小至每个原子e的剩余电荷的，然而并未观察到任何变化。
In general, experience has shown that third-to fifth-degree polynomials produce sufficiently low residuals and monotonically increasing derivatives . 实践证明，三至五次多项式就能产生足够小的残差和单调递增的导数。
To evaluate fracture instability, the total sum of stresses due to residual welding or rolling stresses, dead load, and live loads must be considered . 计算断裂失稳性时，必须考虑焊接或轧制残余应力，恒载应力和活载应力之总和。
Among these physical properties are appearance, wear resistance, hardness or brittleness, residual stress, porosity, thickness, and deposit uniformity . 这些物理性能有外观，抗磨损性，硬度或脆性，残余应力，孔率，厚度和沉积层的均匀度。
