Furthermore , this paper illustrated the reason of transition of basin evolution style , i . e . from rifting and extension to uplifting and whole subsidence during dongying movement of bohai bay basin 岩石圈快速拉伸、上地幔上涌和温度升高以及壳下岩石圈的弹性回返可以很好地解释东营运动的形成过程以及渤海湾盆地演化阶段的转折。
These studies , therefore , suggest that the songsugou peridotite is not a tectonic massif of the upper mantle but a ultramafic magmatic rock body crystallized in deep crust and tectonically emplaced in the upper crust 从而证明了松树沟橄榄岩体并不是上地幔岩石的残片，而是由岩浆在深部地壳环境下结晶而成并以固态构造侵位于地壳的上部。
The trace element compositions and sr - nd isotopes suggest that the upper mantle beneath the studied area were subjected to multiple episodes of metasomatism , probably by small melt fractions derived from the asthenospheric mantle 微量元素和sr - nd同位素特征表明该区上地幔经历了多期地幔交代作用，交代介质可能是源自软流圈的小体积熔体。
Based on the analyzing of the dss ' s basic theory of tomography , an inversion scheme that can be described as the combination of the finite - difference inversion and ray inversion using traveltime , amplitude and gravity data is proposed 在分析深地震测深剖面层析成像基本理论的基础上提出了利用走时、振幅和重力数据，通过有限差分反演和射线反演方法对地壳上地幔结构进行层析成像的研究思路。
Finally , some possible physical mechanisms , for example the coulomb stress - triggering mechanism , the dynamic stress - triggering mechanism and the lower crust and upper mantle flow deformation mechanism , which may generate these coseismic and post - seismic anomalies , are discussed 同时，还从库仑破裂应力触发、动态应力触发以及下地壳和上地幔流动变形机制等方面，对这些大震效应作了一些成因机理讨论。
By using the attenuation property of the rayleigh surface wave to invert the quality factor of crust and upper mantle , this paper yields the s - wave quality factor 3d structure of crust and upper mantle of china , and the viscidity structure of this area as well 本文主要通过rayleigh面波衰减反演地壳上地幔s波品质因子q _ ，建立了中国大陆地壳上地幔s波品质因子全三维结构。探讨了中国大陆区域地球内部粘弹性结构。
Secondly , based on the microbeam analytical technique , on the one hand , through investigating the characteristic of major elements in the mantle minerals the author acquired the static information from mantle ; on the other hand , through multi - point analysis of a part of the minerals from mantle , the auther got dynamic information from mantle . finally , generalizating the fruits of this study and predecessors , the autor holds that the constituents of lithospheric mantle possibly includes spinel lherzolites , clinopyroxenites , websterite , dunite , harzburgites , garnet lherzite , phlogopite lherzite , eclogites , clinopyroxene megacrysts ; compared with east china and north china platform , the research field mantle shows the characteristics of higher degree of partial melting processes and more depleted mantle ; the . upper mantle beneath north hetian area is heterogeneous , with a tendency of deficit in a12o3 and lree from kaliyang in west hetian to the river basin of kalakshi river and yulongkashi river ; the subduction of the crust beneath north hetian has ever occurred in geological history and caused the mixing of mantle - crust ; the depth of the origination of basaltic magmas beneath north hetian exceeds 73km ; the thickness of the lithosphere beneath the research area amounts to 204 . 9km ; the mantle beneath north hetian has geological condtions for forming diamond deposits 最后，综合本区幔源矿物和地幔岩石的特征以及地球物理资料，得出如下结论：本区上地幔的物质组成有尖晶石二辉橄榄岩、二辉岩、单斜辉石岩、纯橄榄岩、方辉橄榄岩、石榴石二辉橄榄岩、金云母二辉橄榄岩、榴辉岩；与中国东部以及华北地台上地幔相比，研究区上地幔具有富集主元素中相容元素和亏损其中的不相容元素的特征，局部熔融程度较高；上地幔存在横向和纵向的不均一性，从西部的克里阳到喀拉喀什河和玉龙喀什河流域， al和lree富集程度呈下降趋势，不同来源的相同矿物中主元素的含量差异较大；地质历史时期这里可能发生过地壳俯冲并产生壳幔混合作用；玄武岩浆的起源深度73km ；从幔源重砂矿物的温压估算结果，可以推断出岩石圈厚度可达204 . 9km ；综合岩石圈物质组成特征、岩石圈热状态、地幔温压状态、氧逸度以及幔源岩石和幔源矿物的化学成分，认为研究区具备了金刚石成矿地幔地质条件。
In this paper the author studies the theory and method of refraction tomography at uppermost mantle . the images of p - and s - wave velocity lateral variation are rebuilded at uppermost mantle beneath china continent , and anisotropy of p - wave velocities are obtained on the basis of pn and sn travel time data in china and adjacent area by tomography technique 本文在详细分析研究了上地幔顶部折射波层析成像技术的理论和方法及其发展历程的基础上，搜集了中国大陆及邻区的pn和sn到时资料，利用层析成像技术，重建了中国大陆上地幔顶部的p波和s波速度横向变化图像，并反演出p波波速的各向异性分布。
This is of very important significance to understand the material property and geodynamic of corresponding area , , the surface wave attenuation mechanism and the inversion algorithm of attenuation and s - wave quality factor are discussed systemically in this paper . some important fruits and understanding are resulted from the the crust and upper mantle tomography of china . ( 1 ) calculating of the rayleigh surface wave attenuation factor y 本文首先探讨了面波衰减的机理，对面波衰减和s波品质因子q _反演的计算方法进行了系统的研究，并对中国大陆地区地壳上地幔q _三维结构进行层析成像，取得了以下重要成果： ( 1 ) rayleigh面波衰减系数计算。
Based on the petrological , petrochemical and geochemical analyses about these rocks , it is concluded in this paper that the xenoliths were originated from the upper mantle , and comprised of both primitive pyrolite and the infusible solid residual of the upper pyrolite while the basaltic magma was melted out of it , which were brought up to the earth ' s surface via o1carnc eruption 根据其岩石学、岩石化学及地球化学特征分析，包体来源于上地幔，其成因既有原始地幔岩，亦有上地幔岩经部分熔融出玄武岩浆后的难熔固相残留物，被火山喷发携带至地表。
