As one of the new models of digital learning resources , network - based streaming media courseware is greatly different from traditional video - tape learning resources . such differences have not been deeply investigated yet . and the effects of the application of streaming media courseware in distance learning also require to be studied 基于网络教学平台的流媒体课件作为现代远程教育中一种新型的数字化学习资源，它与传统的录像教材相比有哪些优点，其应用效果与传统面授辅导学习有什么不同等都是亟待研究的问题。
( 2 ) some studies are made for the subject of various effects on wave propagation and ground motion of multi - dry , multi - saturated , and alternate dry and saturated soil layers . a comprehensive computer program is compiled , accounting for soil dilatancy , linear and non - linear constitutive relation , rigidity degradation and suiting to any combinations of soil layers , dry and / or saturated with different thicknesses , properties , continuity conditions at interfaces , and inputs at base and top boundaries . from the numerical results obtained for a quite large number of typical cases , some knowledge of general trends of response for , especially , the cases of alternate dry and saturated soil layers are gained both quantitatively and qualitatively ( 2 )对不含水土层分层排列、饱水土层分层排列、不含水土层与饱水土层分层交错排列情况下对波传播和地面运动的影响做了一些研究，考虑到土壤的剪胀性、线性和非线性本构关系，刚度退化等因素，编制了可适用上述各种情况和任意多土层(包括含水或不含水、力学性质不同、厚度不同、边界连续条件不同等) ，在不同基底输入或上边界输入作用下的通用分析程序，通过对相当数量的典型情况进行的分析计算，得到了一些趋势性的认识，特别是对饱水与不含水土层分层交错情况，取得了一些新认识。
In these thesis , on the basis of existing data collected of arch bridges and dynamics , simply introduce the development and application of the analytical method and finite element numerical analysis method of arch bridges . taking the example of pubugou cfst arch bridge , establish 3 - d finite element model of it with software ansys , and analyze its natural vibration . the effects on inherent vibration of the differences of structure parameters , the restriction of the deck and the effects of different arrangements of cross braces are analyzed 本文在收集有关拱桥及动力学资料的基础上，分析了拱桥动力学的解析分析法和有限元数值分析方法的优缺点，同时以瀑布沟大桥为背景，使用ansys软件建立了空间有限元模型，实施了桥跨结构的自振特性分析；并分析了考虑到模型简化过程中部分结构参数取值差异、桥面板的约束状况不同等因数对自振特性结果的影响；此外还对桥面上的横撑布置不同导致对自振特性的影响作了分析。
( 4 ) considering such actual difficulties as lacking of engineering data and discrepancy in managing level , four methods for damage assessment are proposed in the thesis based on expert knowledge , which are weighted average method , fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method , generalized quantification method and set pair analysis method to make useful supplements to the neural network method . disadvantageous effects , caused by dissimilarity of subjective factors such as every abstract expert ' s knowledge , level , discernment and emphasis on problem , are eliminated to some extent in each method . furthermore , there are not any complicate mathematic or mechanical calculations , and conclusion can be easily got only by some simple reasoning and comparing from experience ( 4 )考虑到工程资料少、管理水平不一的实际困难，建议了基于专家知识的加权平均法、模糊综合评判法、模糊广义量化法和集对论方法等四种损伤评估方法，作为桥梁损伤神经网络评估方法的有益补充，这些方法均能从一定程度上消除由于专家个人偏好、知识层次不同等造成的差异，且一般不涉及复杂的数学或力学计算，只需根据经验进行一些简单推理和比较就能得到结果。
The differences can mainly be found in those aspects of the constitutionalism consciousness , such as the cognition base about humanity , key idea and how to promote the constitutionalism consciousness etc . meanwhile , it is stated in this article that we should have a correct acknowledge about our internal traditional culture , and always stick to the internal national conditions , avoiding to partially focus on the inlandish development or to partially transplant the western constitutionalism consciousness when we foster our constitutionalism consciousness 在比较研究部分，文章认为：由于生成机制和背景不同，中西方宪政意识存在着重大的差异，具体表现为：宪政的人性认识基础不同、宪政意识的核心理念不同、推进宪政意识的理念方式不同等方面。建设中国的宪政意识，必须正确认识本土文化传统，避免片面地注重本土文化或片面地追求西方宪政意识移植的倾向，必须始终坚持立足于本国国情。
Based on the analysis of utilization of fdi distributed in different industries and the reasons for the change during the past twenty years , the thesis points out that fdi has greatly promoted the upgrading and optimization of our country ’ s industrial structure . however , at the same time the system factors , marketing environment and the difference in purpose for us to utilize fdi and the mnc to invest has led to a series of latent problems , for example , fdi ’ s distribution hasn ’ t yet come into optimization in structure , and the technological distribution for industrial growth is low 本文在分析改革开放二十多年来，我国利用外商对华投资行业的分布特点及变化原因的基础上，指出外资在促进我国产业结构不断优化调整的同时，吸收外国直接投资与我国产业结构调整过程中存在的偏差，即我国产业升级和优化与现有制度和市场条件的制约和外国投资者投资与我国利用外资在根本价值取向上的不同等因素造成了我国产业结构出现了一系列隐性矛盾，表现在结构性外资配置远未进入优化状态、技术对行业增长的贡献率低等。
Pcr - based analysis method was carried out in the following study . dna amplification by pcr in cgg repeats were performed on 154 people as normal control ( 73 males and 81 females ) and 23 members from four x - linked mental retardation ( xlmr ) families . after electrophoresed on a 6 % - denaturing polyacrylamide gel ( acr : bis = 19 : l ) , genotypes of the objects were determined by analyzing pcr products 本研究采用较以往更为简便有效的pcr技术方法，对随机抽取的154人的正常群体（男性73人、女性sl人）及来自四个智力低下家系的23名成员进行了fmr基因cgg重复序列的扩增，利用变性聚丙烯酸胺凝胶电泳技术对不同等位基因类型进行分离和统计。
The results showed that the nearer the relationship of the species , the more similar the zymograms . the zymograms difference between species in different genes is more obvious than ones in the same one . in addition , there is a certain difference between the zymograms of different strains of the same species from different ascocarps and places 结果表明，亲缘关系愈近的菌株其酶谱的相似性愈大，属间差异明显大于种间差异，同菌种的酶谱可因寄主、产地不同等而存一定差异。
Information literacy is the ability to recognize the need for information to solve problems and develop ideas ; pose important questions ; use a variety of information gathering strategies ; locate relevant and appropriate information ; assess and evaluate information for quality , accuracy , authority and authenticity ; demonstrate that the knowledge has made a different in one ' s personal attitudes and behaviour 资讯素养是对解决问题,提出问题;运用不同资讯获取策略;找出切题,适合的资讯;评估及评鉴资讯品质,正确,权威性及真实性;证明知识已使得一个人的态度和行为不同等所认知资讯需求的能力
Since 1970 ' s , many investigators have made a plenty of studies about the aggressive behavior of the schizophrene , but did n ' t come to an accordant conclusion . maybe the reason is that they did n ' t take the same definiens of the aggressive behavior and violent behavior or the same tool to measure the personality 自从上个世纪70年代以来，国内外的学者对此进行了广泛深入的研究，产生了大量的研究成果，但是结论尚未统一，这可能是所采用的攻击行为和暴力行为的定义不同和人格的测量工具不同等而造成的。
