Marx carried out the first crucial critique of subject philosophy , which disintegrated the internality of consciousness as the fundamental framework of modem metaphysics , and by the overthrow of this " standpoint of subjectivity " simultaneously pushed modem metaphysics itself towards the end 对主体哲学之具有决定性意义的批判始于马克思，这一批判洞穿了作为现代形而上学之基本建制的意识的内在性，从而在瓦解这一“主体性立足点”的同时使现代形而上学本身趋于终结。
By contrast , psychologists , experts in human resource management and sociologists have long emphasized the central role played by intrinsic incentive in many economic interactions . and the interplay between individual ' s motivations and more generalized social norms is an important factor that economics research the feasibility of incentive mechanism design 然而心理学家、人力资源管理专家和社会学家却强调内在性激励在许多经济关系中可以促使代理人增加努力供给，以及个人激励与文化规范的相互作用是研究机制设计可行性的重要因素。
While the world in teaching is the field constructed around the center of understanding and embodied by explicit behavior and in which the life possibilities of teachers and students ' can be designed and realized , whose fundamental characteristics are internality , comprehensive nature , instrumentality , constructiveness and academic nature 教学世界是以理解为中心建构的借助外显的行为表现的从感情、认知与行为方面筹画并实现师生生命可能性的内在场域，其基本特徵有内在性、理解性、工具性、建构性与学术性。
