Based on the data arising from the experiments in this thesis , a hypothesized model , which intends to explain the mechanisms and relationship between histone acetylation and the expression of important cell cycle regulating factors in physarum polycephalum . the main results and conclusions of this thesis are as follows . 1 通过1 ” sa处理、 rt干cr和蛋白兔疫印迹实验，发现多头绒泡菌细胞中存在着哺乳动物细胞周期调控相关回于的同源物，包括细胞周期素类cyclinbi蛋白、癌基因产物类c foo和类c j 。
It has been estimated that the cost of producing proteins in transgenic plants may be 100 fold lower than in transgenic animals or mammalian cell cultures , and the possibility of using the plant tissue as a carrier for oral delivery could also diminish the expensive step of recombinant protein purification 估计在转基因植物中生产蛋白的费用比用转基因动物或者哺乳动物细胞培养的方法要便宜100倍，而且用植物组织可以作为口服递送载体，这点同样减少了高花费的重组蛋白纯化步骤。
Compared to the prokaryotic gene expressing systems and mammalian gene expressing systems , insect gene expressing systems possess the stronger ability of the transcription and post - translation processing , which also has high production . we can anticipate it will be a kind of potent effective ectogenesis eukaryotic gene expressing system 与原核表达系统和哺乳动物细胞表达系统比较，昆虫细胞表达系统既有较强转录和翻译后加工修饰能力，又有高表达量等特点，可望成为基因产业中一种比较理想的外源真核基因表达系统。
In this article , we microinjected camp ( as activator of pka ) and protein kinase inhibitor ( pki ) ( as inhibitor of pka ) into mouse 1 - cell stage fertilized eggs , the camp concentration , pka and mpf activaty were detected , also the cdc25c , cdc2 phosphorylated state and the concentration of ptyr15 for cdc2 , cyclin b1 . materials females of 4 - 5 week - old kuming mice and males of 8 week - old kuming mice were supplied from the department of laboratory animals , china medical university 本实验应用pka激动剂camp及抑制剂pki显微注射入小鼠二一细胞期受精卵并观察卵细胞m期形态学变化及pka对mpf活性的影响以及cdc25c ， cdcz电泳迁移率， cdcz的磷酸酪氨酸ptyrl及周期素b含量，为揭示pka在哺乳动物细胞周期调控机制，对生长、发育、癌变、死亡的研究提供理论依据。
The upr pathway in mammals links with several branches , including the increased transcription of a series of genes that encode folding - related proteins , the ubiquitous down - regulation of protein translation , programmed cell death mediated by chop and degradation of er - related proteins , etc . though somewhat independent , these branches do have multiple connections 哺乳动物细胞的upr通路涉及与折叠能力相关的一系列基因转录上调、蛋白质普启蒙翻译下降、 ghop介导的程序性死亡及内质网相关性蛋白降解等多个分支。这些分支虽有一定的自主性，但却存在着千丝万缕的联系，因此其中某个支路上效应成分的改变，就可能会对整个upr通路产生影响，甚至影响细胞的命运。
In our laboratory , a unique mutation detection system using a shuttle vector plasmid has been established to demonstrate that a low concentration of mnng ( 0 . 2 m ) can induce nontargeted mutation in mammalian cells : the mammalian cells were exposed to 0 . 2m mnng for 2 . 5h , then a shuttle plasmid pz189 carrying supf trna gene was transfected into cells after 24h culture . we found a 5 - fold higher mutation frequency of the plasmid replicated in pretreated cells than the spontaneous mutation frequency of the plasmid replicated in control cells . this kind of mutation did not occur immediately after mnng exposure 我们实验室曾用一特殊的突变检测系统，直接证明dna损伤剂可在哺乳动物细胞诱发非定标性突变：首先用低浓度( 0 . 2 m )的短寿烷化剂mnng (半寿期为1 . 1hr )处理细胞2 . 5h后，继续培养24h ，将重组有用作突变检测的靶基因supftrna基因的穿梭质粒pz189转入细胞复制，发现在未受致癌物直接攻击的穿梭质粒中有较自发突变率高5倍以上的靶基因突变。
It has been estimated that the cost of producing proteins in transgenic plants may be 100 fold lower than in transgenic animals or mammalian cell cultures , and the possibility of using the plant tissue as a carrier for oral deliery could also diminish the expensie step of recombinant protein purification 估计在转基因植物中生产蛋白的费用比用转基因动物或者哺乳动物细胞培养的方法要便宜100倍，而且用植物组织可以作为口服递送载体，这点同样减少了高花费的重组蛋白纯化步骤。
It is known that cells display the abnormal response of autophagy in undergoing the stress , apoptosis , cell death and many diseases . two forms of rat microtubule - associated protein 1 light chain 3 ( mapllc3 ) exist and serve as a subunit of the microtubule - associated protein 1 and an essential constituent of autophagosome membranes , respectively 已经在细胞的胁迫反应，细胞的凋亡和死亡以及很多疾病组织中都发现了自噬囊泡异常的现象，大鼠微管相关蛋白轻链3 ( mapllc3 )蛋白是第一个在哺乳动物细胞中鉴定的定位在自噬体膜上的蛋白。
