Under american laws designed to encourage generic drugs , which save money for patients , the first generic maker to win regulatory approval for its version of any given branded drug is supposed to enjoy a six - month monopoly 美国的法律被用于鼓励学名药的开发以降低病人的花费，任何获得管理机构批准的与商品名药物相对应的非专利药物的第一家制药公司将享有六个月的垄断权。
Patent law has formed the mechanism that balances the different interest of the society , such as the patent right ca n ' t be abused etc . in fact , gene sequence patent extend industrial circles " monopoly right to bring them more interest 就一国内部来讲，传统专利法在调整利益关系上的实践中已形成了一种衡平机制，如对基础理论不能垄断、获得的专利垄断权不能超出其做出的贡献、不能滥用专利权、对技术的进一步的开发、研究不能垄断等。
As sole authorised agent , this company had the monopoly of all technical approval procedures in respect of all motor cars produced in belgium by the general motors group used on the public highway whether new or previously registered abroad for less than six months 作为唯一的代理人，该公司具有对所有产自比利时的由通用汽车集团所生产的轿车的全部技术批准程序的垄断权，只要是行驶上路的则无论是新生产的还是在国外注册少于6个月的汽车都由该公司垄断。
Though intellectual property system is to confirm that the owner of intellectual property has monopoly to the exploitation of intellectual products , various kinds of relationship of interests , arising from intellectual products , is balanced , through a series of institution designs , and the aim of this system is thus safeguarded 知识产权制度本是一种确认知识产权人对知识产品的专有垄断权的制度，但通过其一系列的制度设计，围绕知识产品所产生的各种利益关系得到了均衡，从而保障了这种制度宗旨的实现。
Industrial circles are active advocator for monopoly right to gene sequences . scholars stand a different position on this point . the developed countries usually grant gene sequence patent in their patent law , but most if the developing countries do n ' t allow patenting on gene sequences 企业界为了能取得垄断权而成为基因序列专利的积极鼓吹者；学者们立场不一，各执一端；发达国家往往允许对基因序列申请专利，以维护本国的利益，而发展中国家由于生物技术落后往往不允许对基因序列申请专利。
There are different views on the matter of gene sequence patent between developed countries that is strong in research and industrial application of gene technology and developing countries that is weak in this field . besides , there are rich gene resources in developing countries that is what developed countries want 基因序列专利的出现带来了利益格局的调整，获得基因序列专利可以垄断基因的技术研究及产业应用的源头，垄断权大大扩张，与此对应，在公共利益上我们要考虑科研与产业的持续发展及分配正义等问题。
Nevertheless , in the author ' s opinion , the continuously increasing protection of the world intellectual property is counteractant and harmful to the society in some aspects . intellectual property is the means of protecting an obligee ' s economic profit , instead of the means as payment by which intellectual property makes its creative achievement public so as to promote creative power through requiring a certain period of monopolistic right . the contradictions between developed countries and developing countries grow in breadth and in depth , and the development gap between the rich and the poor becomes wider because of the increasingly serious monopolistic problem in intellectual property field and immoderate behavior of the government in protecting intellectual property 然而，笔者认为：不断加强的世界知识产权保护在某些方面对社会具有反作用力和有害；知识产权更多的是成为保护权利人经济利益的手段(而非其原本目的) ，通过获得一定时期的垄断权，作为回报将其智力创造成果公知于社会，以促进创造力的方式；知识产权领域垄断问题的日益加剧与知识产权保护的过度政府行为化进一步扩大了发达国家与发展中国家的矛盾，拉大了全球贫富国家之间的发展差距。
Exhaustion of property right arises to answer these questions : it is a restraint on the monopoly of intellectuality property right . this system is helpful to the free trade of intellectuality property right , the monopoly to encourage invention . so it is limited at the very start both in time and in space 本文从民法学上知识产权、物权法及其基本原则的多重视角，去观察分析权利用尽制度存在的必要性、合理性；首先，从知识产权的特征上分析，知识产权首先是一种垄断权，国家授予其垄断权的目的在于鼓励其发明创造，从而最终促进人类的进步，因此从这种权利产生之初，就从时间上、地域上给予了一定的限制。
Therefore , though a franchisor ' s right of legal monopoly should be protected , legislations and regulations relevant to a franchisor ' s behaviors of restricting competition by means of abusing his right should be made in anti - monopoly law . this is the most complicated issue in franchise 因此，在特许经营中，一方面应保护特许人因特许权所享有的合法垄断权：另一方面，也应对特许人滥用特许权做出的限制竞争行为进行反垄断法律规制，这是特许经营中最复杂的法律问题。
The cost not only falls on legal department but also on the right owner . monopoly leads to reduction of supply and rise of price , which harms the interest of consumers , and slows down the spreading of new information , and affects in turn the efficiency of the whole society . so , when law grants inventors the status of monopoly , it should take into account the efficiency of resources allocation in order to maximize the interest of all parties concerned 本文还从法经济学的角度分析杠俐用尽制度的经济学价值，分析知识产权制度是否有效率，首先知识产权作为一种垄断权，而垄断产生低效率，而法律在维护杠俐人的垄断地位时成本相当高，不仅司法部门要付出相当高的成本，杠俐人本人也要付出高昂的代价，垄断导致供给的减少和价格的上升，使消费者的利益受损，效率受影响，所以，从而降低新技术和新信息的传播速度，使整个社会的法律赋予创造发明者垄断地位时，也要考虑它在实现资源配置效率，以实现交易各方利益最大化的作用，权利用尽制度就可以平衡各方的利益，实现社会的效率
