It took a very long time , two and a half billion years , to go from single cells to multi - cell beings , which are a necessary precursor to intelligence 从单细胞生物发展到多细胞生物，这个过程用了25亿年这样相当漫长的时间，对智力（的产生和发展）而言这个过程是必要的预备过程。
Researchers have also long assumed that proteins similarly represent and control all the genetic information in animals , plants and fungi ? the multicellular organisms classified as eukaryotes ( having cells that contain nuclei ) 长久以来，研究者假设：分类上属于真核生物（细胞都具有细胞核）的多细胞生物，包括动物、植物和真菌，也是利用蛋白质来控制所有的遗传讯息。
Enzymes are either intracellular , catalyzing reactions within the cell such as those involved in the metabolic , regulatory , signaling , or synthesis pathways ; or extracellular , circulating in the spaces between cells or in the bloodstream , where they catalyze reactions critical to the functioning of a multicellular organism 酶可以是细胞内的，催化细胞内的反应如：新陈代谢、调节、信号传导或合成过程；或细胞外的，在细胞间或血液里循环，并在那里催化对于多细胞生物的功能具有重要作用的反应。
