They hold that other powers such as the authority to investigate , to supervise investigation , to supervise criminal trial and carry out supervision of criminal judgment and ruling . those powers are all derived from the powers of prosecution and intended for the correct and effective exercise of powers of prosecution 他们认为，其他职权如侦查权、侦查监督权、刑事审判监督权和刑事裁判执行监督权，都是公诉权派生的，都是为了公诉权的正确有效行使。
It has been fixed in " constitution law " and " civil procedure law " that people ' s procuratorate is the law supervision organ of our country , which lead precutatorial organ to exercise its supervisory authority , reflected in civil procedure is to lodge protests against judgments 同样， 《宪法》中也明确了人民检察院作为国家法律监督机关的地位。因此，人民检察院在民事诉讼中行使的主要是一种监督职能，而这种监督主要以抗诉的方式在审判监督程序中得以实现。
Article 18 if the supreme people ' s procuratorate discovers some definite error in a legally effective judgment or order of a people ' s court at any level , or if a people ' s procuratorate at a higher level discovers some definite error in a legally effective judgment or order of a people ' s court at a lower level , it shall lodge a protest in accordance with procedures of judicial supervision 第十八条最高人民检察院对于各级人民法院已经发生法律的效力的判决和裁定，上级人民检察院对于下级人民法院已经发生法律效力的判决和裁定，如果发现确有错误，应当按照审判监督程序提出抗诉。
From the development of the adjudicatory supervision procedure and its various measures in civil litigation , we can see there are obvious deferents between the process of re - evaluating and the adjudicatory supervision procedure . but now they have been confused in our country civil litigation . many problems have been gradually exposed , such as the court , the procuratorate and party all have the power of instituting the adjudicatory supervision procedure , there are excessive randomness in the re - evaluating process 以至于现行的审判监督程序有着诸多弊端，如启动的主体多元，法院、检察院、当事人都可启动；审判监督的理由过于原则、笼统，无法掌握；审判监督程序中各参加人地位不明，权利、义务不清；审判监督程序自身也存在着适用程序不明等问题。
It ' s a pity that when we constructed the legal system that fit in with the market economy , we paid more attention to the substantial reasonableness of laws , but we neglected its formal reasonableness . so it is a task of top priority to realize truly the judicial independence and make sure it is formally reasonable . firstly , we lack of the historic tradition 我国司法独立制度改革的方向：一是达到司法独立的外部实现，即理顺党的领导与司法独立的关系；正确处理国家权力机关与司法独立相互制衡关系；加强法院对检察院的审判监督；凸现法院对行政机关的司法权威；准确把握司法机关与社区、媒体的定位。
An author thinks , should fix a position again to the relating to civil retrial procedure of our country , and discard establishment above the administration of justice authority to supervise foundation , and the trial monitor in order to supervise into the center to the judicial powers , and replacing establishment to tell on the power foundation party , with to party the relating to civil retrial procedure into the center is extended relief to increasingly to the personal right 对再审之诉的具体构建,学者们仍是意见纷呈。笔者认为,应对我国的民事再审程序重新定位,摒弃建立在司法监督权基础之上,以对司法权进行监督为中心的审判监督程序,而代之以建立在当事人诉权基础上,以对当事人私权利益予以救济为中心的民事再审程序。
To resolve these problems , the guidance principle " to seek truth from facts , to rectify whateveris wrong " must be changed . then the prosecutorial surpervision of civil litigation of our country needs to be reamende d . at last , the important of the adjudicatory supervision jadges and adjudicatory supervision divisions should be noticed , and the adjudicatory supervision courts will come up in the furture 针对这些缺陷，文章提出首先要改进观念，树立“依法纠错”的理念；其次在立法上对民事审判监督程序的各个部分重新构架；最后还要在制度上给予保障，重视审监法官和审监庭，以及尝试建立再审法院。
So they are emotionally close to each other ; which will make the second instance court have prejudice and believe the first instance court easily ; iii ) the low tier of the last instance court will provide convenient condition for the botulism ; iv ) the higher tier courts back of the experience dealing with cases , it ' s hard for them to supervise and direct the lover courts ; v ) too many starting of the retrial procedures make the system of court of second instance being that of last instance exist in name only 其弊端主要表现在：一是作为主要终审法院的中级法院审判水平相对较低，难以矫正不公正的一审裁判；二是一、二审法院因地缘、业缘关系的亲近易导致感情上的亲近，从而导致终审法院先入为主地轻信一审法院的裁判；三是终审法院级别较低为地方保护主义的滋生提供了温床；四是级别较高法院缺乏实际审判案件的经验，难以对下级法院实行审判监督和业务指导。
The first part focuses on the basic theory of trial supervision system in order to provide theory basis for the constitution of trial supervision system . in this part , it would be submitted that the chinese civil retrial system is not only a specific procedural system to remedy the grievance litigants whose private rights have been infringed by injustice judgments , but also a system employed by procuratorate or court to perform trial supervision power under nation - central notion . thus , its nature is to intervene the disposition of the private rights by the public power 在该部分,笔者着重论证了以下观点:从制度本质来看,我国现行民事再审制度不是出于对受欠缺正当性生效裁判损害的当事人私权利益予以特殊救济之目的而设置的程序制度,而是以国家本位主义为指导出于行使监督权的目的,由法院行使审判监督权或者检察院行使法律监督权,对欠缺正当性的生效裁判予以纠正的特殊救济性制度,具有以国家权力干预当事人对其私权处分的性质。
The first part inspects the concept , characteristic , function of the procedure from the judgment etc . the confrontation judges to inspect the procedure to carry on to say all ; the second part discusses the judgment to inspect the procedure at the our country of theories foundation ; the third part pass and germany , france , japan at reviewed the comparison of the procedure to further elaborate to have the judgment direct procedure of chinese special features ; the four - part cent pointed out the our country to judge to inspect the procedure in the existent irregularity ; the fifth part is some personal viewpoints that the writer confrontation judges to inspect the procedure to improve 本文共分五个部分。第一部分从审判监督程序的概念、特征、功能等对审判监督程序进行概述;第二部分论述了审判监督程序在我国的理论基础;第三部分通过和德国、法国、日本在审程序的比较进一步阐述了具有中国特色的审判监督程序;第四部分指出了我国审判监督程序中存在的弊端;第五部分是笔者对审判监督程序改进的一些个人看法。
