Aiming at the practical applications on engineering , the dissertation studies the theories and application technologies of constant beam - width beam - former and doa estimation for wideband signals . the main results and achievements are summarized as follows : 1 论文从实际工程应用的角度出发，系统研究了恒定束宽波束形成和宽带高分辨阵列信号处理的相关理论和实现技术，主要研究内容包括： 1
Lake - experiment verified the correctness of this low sidelobe level beamformer . 4 . the broadband constant beamwidth beamforming vectors for a uniform linear array are designed and its effectiveness when applied to a real array is verified by water tank experiment 针对均匀分布线列阵，设计了基于chebyshev加权的宽带恒定束宽波束形成向量，消声水池实验验证了设计方法对于实际基阵的有效性。
In the broadband incoherent beamspace high resolution method , the outputs of mvdr beamformers are used to suppress the interference from outside the beam coverage region in each subband . computer simulation results show good performance at low signal to noise ratio ( snr ) 该方法克服了基于预成恒定束宽波束输出的宽带相干高分辨处理方法不能有效抑制波束区域之外强于扰的不足，仿真结果表明该方法在低信噪比具有良好的性能c
A method is proposed to make for the loss of the orthogonal converting matrix ' s performance on constant beam - width , that is giving different frequency components different weighing values during orthogonal process , which is called weighted orthogonal converting matrix 对于转换矩阵(恒定束宽波束形成矩阵)正交化过程对恒定束宽性能的损失提出了一种补偿措施，即在正交化过程中对不同频率对应的波束进行加权，称之为加权正交化恒定束宽波束形成矩阵。
Lake - experiment for an un - baffled practical circular array verified the effectiveness and error tolerance of this new method . 5 . the intrinsic mechanism of optimal array gains is studied for the scenario when the element spacing is less than one half - wavelength , with emphasis on un - baffled circular arrays 针对一个24元均匀分布圆阵的湖上实验结果表明，这种新的恒定束宽波束形成方法是有效的，且在一般条件下，对基阵阵元幅度和相位响应误差具有良好的宽容性。
2 . the two thoughts of designing constant beam - width beam - former are studied , and the least square method and spatial resample method to calculate the weighting coefficients of the array elements are analyzed and compared , and the constant beam - width beam - former is designed , both in frequency and time domains 研究了宽带恒定束宽波束形成器的两种设计思想，并重点分析了计算阵元权系数的最小二乘法和空间重采样法，比较了二者的性能，分析了恒定束宽波束形成器的频域和时域实现原理。
This method is easy to implement and has no restriction on array geometry and sensor patterns ; three methods for the design of broadband frequency invariant beamformer are proposed , which are the method of resampling signals received by the array , the dft ( discrete fourier transform ) interpolation method and adaptive synthesis method , respectively . examples and performance analyses are given for each method ; a simplified linear constrained minimum variance broadband adaptive algorithm that based on dft interpolation method is presented . compared with conventional broadband adaptive algorithms , the presented method can reduce computation work greatly 提出了一种简单、易于实现的恒定束宽波束形成器设计方法，该方法对阵形和阵元指向性没有任何限制；分别提出了基于阵列接收数据重采样、基于dft插值和自适应综合的三种具有频率不变波束图的宽带波束形成器设计方法，对于每一种设计方法都给出了一个设计实例并做了性能分析；提出一种基于dft插值的简化线性约束最小方差宽带自适应阵列算法，该方法可以大大降低自适应阵列的运算量。
