对疼痛

• This study was designed to further understanding of children ' s pain experiences and sensations , and to develop strategies to care for hospitalized children who suffering from pain
  摘要儿童理解力、语言、字汇的限制，缺乏流利或丰富的叙述，致使对疼痛经验的评估有困难，因此国内应发展出儿童对疼痛的描述字言，以为疼痛的评估依据。
• It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of " ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying " as the twin problems of end ? ? of ? ? life care
  它把对疼痛的治疗不足和盲目积极使用"有可能延长死亡时间甚至让死亡过程蒙羞的无效并且强迫性的医疗手段"视为生命临终医护的两个问题。
• It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of “ ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying ” as the twin problems of end ? ? of ? ? life care
  参考译文]它把对疼痛的治疗不足和盲目积极使用“有可能延长死亡时间甚至让死亡过程蒙羞的无效并且强迫性的医疗手段”视为生命临终医护的两个问题。
• This paper describes the challenges of pain management in the emergency department ( ed ) , including the widespread problem of oligoanalgesia , various techniques of pain measurement , and the competing priorities of pain management
  本文主要论述急诊部门对疼痛处置的挑战，包含了广泛存在的止痛效果不足的问题，许多衡量疼痛程度的方法，以及各类疼痛处置的优先顺位。
• Pain is consistently greater in the groups treated by intramedullary nailing compared with casting ; however , several aspects of health - related quality of life are superior in the intramedullary nailing group despite more pain complaints
  与石膏固定治疗组相比，髓内钉治疗组疼痛更强烈此，虽然患者对疼痛的抱怨较多，然而一些与健康相关生活质量方面的治疗结果仍然比石膏固定治疗组优秀。
• Using brain scanning equipment , researchers showed that patients with ongoing pain , most of which resulted from previous accidents , could overcome unrelenting aches by using mental exercises to subdue their brain ' s reaction to pain signals
  利用脑扫描的设备，研究者显示患者不断运作的脑部，其中不少人起因于先前的意外，而可能藉由精神的练习来克服脑对疼痛讯号的反应，来克服无情的疼痛。
• These results , combined with earlier work , suggest that a distress response to a noxious stimuli may be almost entirely subcortical , however , the finer discrimination and emotional overlay of this painful appreciation may be cortical in location ( 1 )
  这些结果与早期研究综合表明，对伤害性刺激的不良应激反应可能完全是皮层下的，然而，对疼痛鉴别的良好判断和情感性加重在局部可能为皮层水平。
• Conclusion : the conclusion is drawn that the anti - inflammatory agent andeugenol , on the basis of the fact that individuals may vary in pain reaction and sensitivity , can prevent inflammation of pulpitis , hence relieve and even eliminate the acute pain after the blockade of the pulp devitalizer
  结论：不同个体对疼痛的敏感性耐受性等不同，消炎痛、丁香油酚能阻断牙髓炎症介质，从而减轻或消除乳牙牙髓炎患者封失活剂后产生的剧痛。