导向性

• This paper , based on the educational evaluation practiced at home and abroad , predicts the new tendencies and trends in this field under the background of the new curriculum , namely : the interactive relationship between subjects and objects of evaluation , the equal emphasis on distinctiveness and orientation of the objective , the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods , and the integration of ends and means
  摘要论文结合国内外正在进行的评价实践，提出了新课程背景下教育评价新的发展趋势和走向：在评价主体上呈现出主客体之间渗透的互动过程；在评价目标上强调鉴别性与导向性并重；在评价方法上注重质性与量化之间融合的多元化走向；在评价途径上突出目标性和过程性的结合。
• Brick tile world base on chinese brick and tile trade , faces for the readers of wall materials reforming and environmental protection administrative department of the government , more than 90 , 000 brick and tile and brick factories , relevant mechanical device manufacturing enterprises and scientific research and design institutes
  砖瓦世界作为中国砖瓦工业协会会刊，将以其在国内外砖瓦行业中特有的权威性政策性导向性技术性综合性为一体，广泛服务于行业服务于企业。
• It has broken the situation that the national curriculum unifies the whole country in the classroom , and gives the school certain course autonomies , excite teachers and students " enthusiasm and initiative greatly , reflect the characteristic of the school . it has played the leading and promoting function in setting up the mode of running a school actually while being one ' s own , give play to the dynamic role and creativity of school education . but as a kind of theory and mode the school - based curriculum development are still in initial stage in our country
  所以课程改革迫在眉睫，而校本课程开发正是课程改革的一个重要方面，它打破了国家课程一统天下课堂的局面，赋予学校一定的课程自主权，大大激发师生的积极性和主动性，为系统地体现学校办学特色，根据自身实际建立办学模式，发挥学校教育的能动性和创造性，起了导向性、推动性的作用但作为一种理念与模式，校本课程开发在我国仍处在初始阶段。
• The fundation of construction of moral education content system in universities including : the character of moral education aim restricting to moral education content in universities ; the depth and range of physical and psychological character and moral level of educatees restricting to construction of moral education content system in universities ; the pertinence of requirement of situation and real condition of students " idea restricting to construction of moral education content system in universities
  高校德育内容系统确立的依据有：德育目标制约高校德育内容的性质、受教育者身心发展特点和思想品德发展水平制约高校德育内容的深度和广度、形势的要求和学生的思想实际情况制约高校德育内容的针对性。高校德育内容系统构建的原则主要是：科学性与主体性相结合的原则、社会化教育与个性化教育相结合的原则和现实性与导向性相结合的原则。
• Although students are individual and developing subject , the determinative for their development is practicing activity . teaching is the equal , co - operating and communicating course between students and teachers . in teaching strategy , we should not only emphasize the teaching methods , but the studying methods ; and in evaluation we should not only evaluate teaching , but also studying
  它强调：教学的首要任务是把课程内容转化为学生的主体意识和主体能力，关注学生的主体性发展，而不是仅仅关注分数；学生是有丰富个性的、不断发展的认识主体，真正决定学生发展的是学生自己的实践活动；教学是师生之间平等的互动、合作、交往过程，教学不仅要强调教法，更应强调学法；教学评价不仅要评价教师的教，更应评价学生的学，发挥评价的导向性和激励性功能。
• The former includes setting up lifelong education , cultivating creativity and practicality , learning to corporate with one another and at the same time , maintaining the individualism of the education . the latter includes the principle of science , the principle of development , the principle of demonstration , the principle of justice and openness and the principle of regarding the students as the main body
  其教育思想包括树立终身教育的思想、培养创新精神和实践能力的思想、学会与人合作的思想、实施个性化教育的思想：其基本原则有科学性与导向性原则、促进学生全面发展与以学生为主体的原则、发展性与系统性原则、示范性与公平、公正、公开原则。
• Abstract ： the author selects one of the old industrial bases - chongqing , and investigates some problems emerging during the disposal of land by the state - owned bankrupt enterprises , puts forward several ideas and approaches of the government strengthening planning regulation and enforcing reserve management , makes some reformation suggestions on strengthening optimization disposal of state - owned land resources and rational re - distribution of state - owned land assets
  摘要：以我国重要的老工业基地城市之一? ?重庆为例，对国有破产企业土地处置过程中所存在的一些问题进行了调查研究，提出了城市政府运用“加强规划调控、实施储备经营”的思想和方法，旨在加强对国有企业破产后国有土地资源优化配置和国有土地资产合理再分配的系列政策导向性改革建议。
• To counter the obvious swing in the motion of mono - d isc vcd tray , the transmission structure is analysed , and it is found that : ( 1 ) the forces to the tray and the vertical gearing resultant of forces to the motio n is on one side and . ( 2 ) in case that the leading movement of the tray is decease d , it is possible that vibration and swing may occur , due to the large clearance b etween coordination
  针对单碟托盘在运动中抖动和明显摆动问题，对该托盘运动结构进行分析发现： ( 1 )托盘所受与运动方向垂直的啮合分力是单侧的； ( 2 )在托盘运动导向性减弱的情况下，由于配合间隙过大，使摆动和抖动成为可能。