One ca n ' t carry out a justifiable defense against a legitimate act of rescue , but he can take an act of rescue again . to abet or help a legitimate act of rescue does not has criminal liability , but it may lead to a crime if some one make use of a legitimate act of rescue 对合法化紧急避险不得进行正当防卫，但可再行紧急避险；在合法化紧急避险的场合，没有构成教唆犯或帮助犯的可能，但利用合法化紧急避险可构成犯罪。
Traditional theories of criminal laws of foreign countries have opposite views on joint negligence offense , some deny the existence of joint negligence offense on the basis of theory of offense in common ; some approve the existence on the basis of theory of behavior in common 对于过失教唆犯和过失帮助犯,笔者在介绍与评析相关学说的基础上,对过失教唆犯和过失帮助犯的成立予以肯定。同时对过失共同犯罪的刑事责任问题提出了自己的观点。
This part makes an exposition of indirect offence ' s differences from direct offenders , abettors and unilateral accessories it deals with the beginning and ending standard of indirect offence . it also expounds two main kinds of faults : a ) the user having a wrong knowledge of the nature of the tool being used and , b ) the cat ' s paws being in the know halfway 本部分阐述了间接正犯与亲手犯、教唆犯、片面帮助犯的区别，论述了间接正犯着手与终了标准，并重点论述了间接正犯错误的两种情形：利用者对使用工具的性质认识错误和不知情之被利用者中途知情。
In this part , the author to the traditional justifiable defense constitution " five important documents said " proposed the objection , but advocated new " four important documents said " , and aimed at various important documents to launch the concrete elaboration . compares each viewpoint in the analysis in the foundation , does the author to the imaginary defense crime form and processing , whether violate to the indirect principal offender and the help implements the justifiable defense , how understood justifiable defense question and so on boundary condition proposed is different in the logically coherent argument new position 在该部分,笔者首先对传统的正当防卫构成“五要件说”提出了异议,而主张新的“四要件说” ,并针对各要件展开了具体论述;其次在分析比较各种观点的基础上,笔者对假想防卫的罪过形式及处理、对间接正犯和帮助犯能否实行正当防卫、如何理解正当防卫的限度条件等问题提出了不同于通说的新主张。
Assistor by omission is a theory that worth further researching on in china , whose further researching will have a guiding significance for settling the difficult problems in judicial practice . this article is composed of three parts : the first is the establish grounds of assistor by omission . in my view , firstly , the assistor by omission belongs to its own theory in china 本文借鉴大陆法系刑法理论中的不作为帮助犯的相应理论,以共犯理论为基调,对不作为帮助犯的成立依据、构成条件及其与不作为正犯的区别进行了初步的探讨,以期推动不作为帮助犯的基本理论在司法实践中的广泛应用,最终解决司法实践中遇到的相应问题。
It is shown that there are different degree defects in a few definitions in the theories field . in overview of the general requests for giving a definition and the character of the offense of insurance fraud , the writer views that the offense of insurance fraud refers to the act of policy holder , the insured and beneficiary in the insurance contract relation violating the regulations of insurance law to illegally occupy as its purpose , adopt deliberately falsifying the subject matter of the insurance ; or cooking up the cause of an insured accident or overstating the extent of loss ; or inventing stories an insured accident that does not occur ; or deliberately causing the occurrence an insured accident that leads to property ; or deliberately making insurance accidents to swindle large sums of insurance . it has the characteristics as follows : their being subjectively in the diversity of the criminals , the combination of intelligence and cruelty of the criminals , simpler in criminal suspect ; their being objectively in deceptive , crime means " profession to turn , the crime activity concealment very strong , be involved amount of money huge , usually living with other crime companions , the severity of the consequences of the crime , higher black number of crime , and having a thing 笔者认为:保险诈骗罪的犯罪客体不属于本罪的构成要件,保险诈骗罪的成立仅须具备犯罪主体要件、犯罪主观要件和犯罪客观要件三个要件即可;鉴于保险诈骗罪的预备形态在现实中的危害性不大,本文仅就保险诈骗罪的未遂形态和中止形态进行了探讨;着重探讨了保险诈骗罪共犯中的身份问题,对保险诈骗罪的教唆犯和帮助犯的构成特征及刑事责任进行了探讨;逐一对保险诈骗罪的实质一罪(法规竞合与想像竞合)和处罚一罪(牵连犯与吸收犯)进行了分析;同时,从犯罪数额和主观目的上讨论了保险诈骗罪的成罪条件,将保险诈骗罪与普通诈骗罪和合同诈骗罪进行了区分;最后,在对保险诈骗罪立法沿革和立法模式分析的基础上,从保险诈骗罪的主体、主观方面、客观方面以及立法技术等几个方面对保险诈骗罪的缺陷及其完善提出了自己的看法。
