This thesis studied on bacillus thuringiensis strain bt886 which was separated and selected by researchers of our laboratory . according to the observation of crystal shape and the bioassay of motschulsky and fairmaire , bacillus thuringiensis strain bt886 was identified as cry3 type , and the conclusion was assured by the further study on molecular level . the 1956 base pairs full lengrh homological cry3aa gene which was toxic to motschulsky was cloned and sequenced 以该菌株为材料，克隆出了对光肩星天牛( anoplophralabripennis ( motsch . ) )具有毒杀作用的cry3aa同源基因，并且对该基因进行了人工改造、人工合成、大肠杆菌表达、生物活性测定、双元表达载体的构建以及对杨树的转化等一系列研究，主要结果如下： ( 1 )显微观察该菌株所形成的伴孢晶体为方形。
Experimental results indicate that : the ae characters of single bundle , 2 - d woven and 3 - d braided c / sic composite are different because of their different structures , damage mechanisms and developing progress , which can be verified by micrographic examination on specimens " initial state and fractography 实验研究表明：单纤维束、二维编织和三维编织c sic复合材料由于结构形式不同，损伤机理和发展过程不同，表现出的声发射参量的特性也不同；试件初始状态和断口的显微观察证实了该推断。
The microscopical observation proves that the main types of granitoid rocks are granodiorite and quartz monzodiorite , and the enclave is mainly monzodiorite . the rock - forming minerals are mainly k - feldspar , plagioclase , amphiboie , biotite , quartz , magnetite , titanite , apatite , epidote , etc . the zonation of the feldspars is very popular . the dark - colored minerals , such as biotite and titanite , have been highly oxidized 通过对本区花岗岩类样品进行显微观察研究，知其主要的岩石类型为花岗闪长岩、石英二长闪长岩，其中的岩石包体主要为二长闪长岩，其造岩矿物为钾长石、斜长石、角闪石、黑云母、石英、磁铁矿、榍石、磷灰石和绿帘石等，长石中环带现象比较常见，黑云母、榍石等暗色矿物颜色较深，表明其氧化程度较高。
The approaches used in the study included : observing the microstructure and ultrastructure of the cell line of colossoma brachypomum ( cbt ) and the cell line of carp ( cp ) stressed low temperatures under fluoroscopy and tem ; analysis of dna damage in the cultured cells under temperatures stress by dna gel electrophoresis 本研究采用的主要实验方法：通过荧光显微观察、电镜超微结构观察确定cbt (淡水白鲳臀鳍细胞)和cp (草鱼胚胎细胞)在低温处理后的显微与超微结构的变化。应用dna电泳分析细胞dna在低温处理后的断裂现象。
The his - tagged peacl - gfp purified from the supernatants could polymerize into green fluorescent filamentous structures with diameter , length and shape being identical to that of muscle f - actins , which could be labeled by tritc - phalloidin ( a specific agent for staining actin microfilaments ) , and were identified as having a 9 nm diameter by negative staining , corresponding with that of the muscle f - actins ( 7 - 10 nm ) . under polymerization conditions , his - tagged peacl - gfp polymerized with kinetics similar to those of skeleton muscle actin , that is , an obvious lag nucleation period at the beginning of polymerization and an s - like typical polymerization curve could be obtained . the critical concentration is 0 . 75 umol / l near to that of chicken muscle actin ( 0 . 56 umol / l ) under the same condition 荧光标记结合荧光显微观察表明：从可溶性上清中纯化的his - taggedpeac1 - gfp聚合形成的微丝不仅可以直接在荧光显微镜下观察，也可被微丝的特异标记物鬼笔环肽所标记，而且其直径、长度以及形态上与已知的聚合肌动蛋白荧光丝一致；电镜负染的结果进一步证实其直径为9nm ，与传统微丝直径相当( 7 ? 10nm ) ；聚合曲线有明显的停滞期，为典型的s型聚合曲线，聚合临界浓度为0 . 75 mol l ，这一结果与已有报道相似。
