There are four innovations in this thesis : the first , it exactly grasps the particularity and complexity of the village and township finance management in theory , which makes people know more about the village and township finance ; the second , it puts forward the problems in the practice of the village and township finance management , according to the experience from a grass - roots administrative leader , and analyzes the course of the problem at length and pertinently ; the third , it points out the lemmas to support the simplification of the function village and township , the reality of the separate management , which is a solution to the problem between the crisis of the rural management and the parti 瓜登、硕士学位论文义遏夕入认ster ’ s ’ l ‘ i { esis本文的创新主要表现在四个方面:一是在理论上较为准确地阐述了乡镇财政管理的特殊性和复杂性，使人们对乡镇财政有更深刻的认识;二是以一个基层行政领导者的切身体验找出了乡镇财政管理实际工作中存在的问题，对问题成因的剖析具有一定的深刻性和自己的见解;三是在转变政府职能中提出了简化乡镇职能，实行乡村分治、条块分离的新论点。四是文中提出的化解乡镇财政危机的对策具有较大的可操作性。
This paper , in the light of the special geological environment and actual project situation of the three gorges reservoir area , puts forward a comprehensive analysis and evaluation system suitable for the stability analysis of the bank landslide of the three gorges reservoir area under the premise of thorough consideration of the water influence on the stability of the bank landslide , and obtains the following achievements in several aspects that have the practical application significance and certain scientific research value : ( 1 ) it is discovered that the water activity is the primary factor of the formation of the new landslide and the revival of the ancient landslide . on the one hand , the rising underwater level reduces the actual stress of landslide ; on the other hand , the long time soaking of the underwater reduces the mechanics intensity of the landslide and the slide belt , both of which reduce directly the landslide stability ; ( 2 ) in view of the special condition of the three gorges reservoir area , this paper analyzes systematically the forces acted on the landslide of the three gorges reservoir area and the force varieties acted on the divided landslide when the water level changes between 175 meters and 145 meters . thus it is more scientific and comprehensive for the analysis of the forces acted on the landslide ; ( 3 ) this paper summaries systematically 10 kinds of typical computation projects by organic combinations of different kinds of situations in the dry season ( nature statue ) , rainy season ( rainstorm or rains for a long time condition ) , with 175m water level in the reservoir , during the earthquake , with the water level of the reservoir adjusted from 175m to 145m and so on , and produces 本文针对长江三峡库区特殊的地质环境与工程实际情况，在充分考虑水对库岸滑体稳定性影响的前提下，提出了一个适用于长江三峡库岸滑坡体稳定性分析的综合分析评价体系，并取得了如下几个方面具有工程实际意义和一定科学研究价值的研究成果： ( 1 )研究结果发现，水的活动是新滑坡形成或古滑坡复活的主要因素，一方面是由于地下水位升高降低了滑坡体的有效应力，另一方面是由于地下水的长期浸泡降低滑体及滑带的力学强度，这两方面的因素均将直接降低滑坡的稳定性； ( 2 )针对三峡库区的特殊条件，系统分析了作用于三峡库区滑坡体上的力系和库水位在175m与145m间变化时滑体条块的受力变化，从而使对作用于滑坡体上的力系分析更科学、更全面； ( 3 )通过对滑体处于旱季(天然状态) 、雨季(暴雨或长期降雨状态) 、 175m库水位、地震以及库水位由175m调节下降至145m等各种不同情况的有机组合，本文系统地归纳总结出了10种典型计算工况，并具体给出了相应的作用荷载的计算方法，使在库区岸坡滑体稳定性分析评价时对计算工况选择及其作用荷载的计算更具规范性； ( 4 )具体运用c + + builder开发了关于滑坡体稳定性综合分析评价系统，使对滑坡体稳定性分析计算更方便、更准确； ( 5 )将上述滑坡体稳定性综合分析评价系统应用于重庆市丰都县名山滑坡稳定性分析的具体事例中，分析结果表明，本文所提出滑坡体稳定性综合分析评价方法对三峡库区的滑坡稳定性分析是实用可行的。
So i analyse in this part from these ways . as commercial banks themselves is concerned , the capital market is good to settle the asymmetrical information that commercial banks face , and to improve the rule structure of stated - owned commercial banks , and to compete against commercial banks , by which commercial banks can improve their efficiency 由于我国的资本市场目前还存在着诸多缺陷，因此，在这一部分，首先提出完善我国资本市场化解环境的建议，包括建立条块结合的场外交易市场、培育资本市场上的机构投资者、健全资本市场的法制法规、降低资本市场上的税收与费用、加强资本市场信息的披露等等。
At present , limit equilibrium method is one of the conventional slope stability analysis methods . it ca n ' t consider nonuniformity of mechanical characteristic of landslide body and its rock bed and the effect of stress distribution on the gilding surfaces , since the rigid body assumption is adopted in this method . furthermore , this method ca n ' t accurately consider inactive forces between slices 目前常用的边坡稳定分析方法中的极限平衡法由于采用了刚体假定，无法考虑塌滑体及其基岩力学特性的不均匀性和滑动面上应力分布的影响，此外还不能准确考虑条块间的作用力，而另一种常用的边坡稳定分析方法? ?常规有限元分析方法，当滑动面全部处于屈服状态或边坡的实际抗滑稳定安全系数小于1时无法求解。
The main problems existed are as follows : the limited basic facilities in logistics ; the out - dated management system , piece partition ; the poor low service level , limited scope ; the backward concept in logistics , the lack of talented people , the deterioration of the ecological environment in some parts of the area , and the traffic problems , etc . but , on the other hand , the development in western logistics also has the advantages which the eastern logistics does not possess , including the resources , regional and potential advantages 西部物流发展中存在的主要问题是：物流基础设施薄弱；管理体制陈旧，条块分割；物流企业服务层次低，规模小；物流观念滞后、人才缺乏，另外还有部分地区存在生态环境恶化、交通不发达等制约因素。另一方面，西部物流的发展也具有东部物流所不具有的优势，包括资源优势、区位优势和后发优势，即将建成的铁路、公路联运和通江达海联运大通道也给西部物流的大发展提供了有利的条件。
Thus it can effectively alleviate water crisis , valid prevention and cure water pollution and the further depravation of the ecosystem environment , carrying out reasonable , efficiently of the water resources utilization , install and valid protection , so it will get the best social , environment and economic performance and carry out water resources utilization , economy , society , resources and environment of diapason unify 正由于条块分割、责权交叉、政出多门以及水系割裂、形成了“多龙治水” 、 “多龙管水” 、 “多头抢水”的局面,很难实现水资源的统一管理和合理的优化配置与保护,阻碍着水资源的可持续利用与经济、社会、资源、环境的协调持续发展。
This paper , being as the core of township financial system and the target of the symmetry , according to the relationship of supply and demand , from the several aspects of systems of trap and block segmentation , revenue , expenditure , income and expense gap and township debts , analyzes the internal and external problems and operational mechanism of township financial system 本文以乡镇财政体制为核心，以事权和财权对称为目标，就供给(收入来源)和需求(支出事权)关系，分别从条块分割体制、收入体制、支出体制、收支缺口及乡镇负债几个方面，对乡镇财政体制存在的内外部问题和运行机理进行了分析。
However , some problems still exist : the ambiguous aim and weak measures in some urban community , non - systematization of cultural activities in some urban community , the inadequate fostering function in some urban community , the weak sense of recognition of urban inhabitants , the incompletion of leading system and working mechanism , the stagnancy of cultural facilities . the causes for these problems include : some leader ' s limited knowledge about the importance and emergency of culture and ideology in urban community , insufficiency and in investment and exploitation of community resource , disorder of maning system , the poor quality of basic - level leader , so on and so forth 但也存在着一些问题，这些问题主要有：一些城市社区精神文明建设目标不明确，措施不得力；一些城市社区精神文明创建活动未能制度化、经常化；一些城市社区精神文明建设的教育功能未能得到充分发挥；社区居民认同意识薄弱，主动参与不够；社区精神文明建设的领导体制、工作机制不够完善；文化设施建设严重滞后等。产生这些问题的主要原因包括：部分领导对城市社区精神文明建设的重要性与紧迫性认识不够；经费投入不足，社区资源开发利用不够；条块分割的管理体制一直没有理顺；基层干部素质普遍偏低等。
