The structure of grillage is the backbone of a ship ' s structures and its compressive ultimate strength is one of the main parts in the strength analysis of a ship ' s structures . so it ' s important to make a deep research into the compressive ultimate strength of the grillage structure 由于板架结构是船体结构的主要组成部分，尤其是船舶的上甲板和船底结构，它们直接关系到船体的总纵强度，所以板架结构的压缩极限强度是设计人员十分关心的。
Taken the damaged ship as an object , the nonlinear response including dynamic characteristics , external loads , hull deflection , buckling and ultimate strength of stiffened panels , and ultimate strength of hull is carried out in this paper 本文通过对破损后的不对称船体结构的非线性响应问题包括船体动态特性、破损船体外载荷、船体挠度、加筋板屈曲与极限强度，以及船体极限强度等方面进行了初步研究，从而为舰船生命力中的破损船体剩余强度衡准制定提供依据。
Recently , the method which bases on structure ultimate strength developed very rapidly in the domain of structure engineering . it has been a trend that the design method which bases on structure ultimate strength replaces the traditional method which bases on the theory of elasticity 近年来，基于结构极限强度的极限状态设计法在结构工程领域得到了迅猛发展，在船舶工程中，用基于极限承载能力的设计方法来取代传统的基于线弹性理论的设计方法也成为一种趋势。
3 . though discussing the theory - character parameter ( peak stress 、 peak strain and plateau strength ) of the rpc filled circular steel tube , this paper set up the calculating formula of the theory - character parameter , using this formula , we validate the test data of 97 the ultra high concrete filled steel tube , and the result indicates that formula given in this paper fits to the ultra high concrete filled steel tube 3 、通过对圆钢管rpc轴压柱的理论特征参数（极限强度、峰值应变与平台强度等）进行探讨，建立了圆钢管rpc轴压柱组合材料的的理论特征参数计算公式，利用上述公式验算了国内外97根圆钢管超高强混凝土（ > 100mpa ）的试验数据，表明公式对钢管超高强混凝土也是适用的。
Some calculation indicated that general - purpose programs can predict load carrying capacity of a ship ' s hull accurately if one take sufficiently into account every load and boundary combination , structure imperfections and initial stresses , together with geometric and material non - linearity . in this thesis , the load carrying capacity of several hull or hull models have been analyzed by using the general - purpose program ansys , and some detailed results are obtained 一些已有的计算分析表明，对于大型通用有限元软件，只要合理地模拟结构的受载方式，模拟材料的非线性性能，采用合理的单元类型和网格尺度，并综合考虑极限强度分析的各种因素(如结构的残余应力、初始变形、材料的非线性性能等) ，通用有限元程序也能获得精确的船体结构的极限承载能力。
Since the overall failure of a ship hull is normally governed by buckling and plastic collapse of the deck , bottom or sometimes the side shell stiffened panels , it is of crucial importance to accurately calculate the ultimate strength of stiffened panels in deck , bottom and side shell for more advanced structural design of ship structures 由于船体梁的总体破坏通常由甲板、底板或者舷侧加筋板的屈曲或塑性破坏控制，因此在船舶结构设计中准确地计算甲板、底板或舷侧加筋板的极限强度就显得尤为重要。
This paper , regarding the asphalt pavement in the zhoukou region as the study object , according to the prevalent norms ( specifications for design of highway asphalt pavement ) , with the beginning of the pavement performance and the transportation investigation , totally and systematically analyzes the traffic parameters and the destroying reason of pavement at the early stage in the point of fatigue property and limit strength , gives the concepts and methods of the growth rate of equivalent axle load action time , seasonal modification factor and overload factor , proposes the method of axle load conversion on the condition of heavy loading . on this basis , it proposes the design method adapting to asphalt pavement construction , explains the steps of thickness computation of construction with the combination of engineering example , finally verifies thedesign method in the paper by test road . theory and practice both prove that the reasonability of pavement structure style and the reliability of design method in the paper can adapt to the present heavy loading and overloading traffic conditions , have highly theoretical and practical value 本文以周口地区沥青路面为研究对象，以现行《公路沥青路面设计规范》为依据，从路面使用性能和交通特征的调查入手，从疲劳特性和极限强度出发分析了路面早期破损的原因，全面系统地进行了交通参数的分析，提出了当量轴次增长率、季节修正系数和超载系数的概念和方法，并提出了重载交通的轴载换算方法。在此基础上，针对超载、重载交通从结构组合设计、结构厚度计算(包括疲劳强度标准和极限强度标准)等方面提出了适宜的沥青路面结构设计方法，并结合工程实测，说明了结构层厚度计算的具体步骤，最后通过试验路验证本文提出的设计方法。理论与实践均表明，本文提出的路面结构型式合理、设计方法可靠，能适应目前重载、超载交通的状况，具有较高理论与实用价值。
The buckling and ultimate strength of ship plating normally depend on a variety of influential factors , namely geometric / material properties , loading characteristics , initial imperfections ( i . e . initial deflections and residual stresses ) , boundary conditions and corrosion , fatigue cracking 船体板的屈曲和极限强度取决于很多影响因素，主要有：板的几何尺寸、材料特性、载荷特征、初始缺陷(如初始变形和焊接残余应力) 、边界条件以及腐蚀的影响、疲劳裂纹等。
Finally , on base of the above research contents , a program is developed in fortran language by using this simplified method to analyse the ultimate strength of ship hull girders . in comparison with the results from some famous experts of international ship & offshore structures congress . this simplified method has engineering accuracy and can be used in the pre - phase of design 最后，在总结上述研究内容的基础上，本文编制开发了一套具有工程实用价值的船体极限强度的计算程序，经计算与来自国际船舶钢结构委员会著名学者的计算结果进行了比较，说明该程序简单、可靠，可方便地应用于船舶强度校核和评估。
By using a simplified direct energy approach together with marguerre ' s plate theory and some appropriate hypothesis , a simple closed - form solution is found . in a summary , a simple method of determining the ultimate strength of ship deck structures under inplane compressive loads is developed by analyzing and discussing the modes of failure 最后，在总结上述研究内容的基础上，对船体中的甲板结构的各种失效模式进行了综合分析，找出各种失效模式下相应的适合工程计算和程序化的求解极限强度的简化公式。
