The foundation of new china in 1949 indicates that the long existent inequitable national crackdown system was abolished , since then the country entered a new era which is equal , united , friendly , and prosperous , and the education system of minority came to a new stage 摘要1949年10月1日新中国成立，标志着我国废除了历史上长期存在的不平等的民族压迫制度，进入了一个各民族平等团结、友爱合作、繁荣发展的新时代，少数民族教育事业也步入了一个新的历史阶段。
Second : difference exists which according to between the world nationality or the association , the comprehensive coordination carries on the nationality or association cooperation , as well as fuses gradually for the entire world nationality equality development provides the omni - directional service and the thought guide 第二：根据世界民族或团体之间存在的差异，全面协调进行民族或团体互助活动，为整个世界民族平等发展以及逐渐融合提供全方位服务与思想指南！
Introductory remarks points out that national equality has been entrusted new characteristics and new missions in the new situation , and then expounds the theoretical and practical significance about it , some research achievements , existing problems , as well as the state of research into national equality abroad 阐述了新形势下,研究民族平等问题的现实和理论意义。同时也综述了新时期以来国内学界民族平等问题的研究成果和存在的问题,以及国外对平等研究的状况,为以后各章节的展开论述提供了必要的理论支点和准备。
In china , equality among ethnic groups means that , regardless of their population size , their level of economic and social development , the difference of their folkways , customs and religious beliefs , every ethnic group is a part of the chinese nation , having equal status , enjoying the same rights and performing the same duties in every aspect of political and social life according to law , and ethnic oppression or discrimination of any form is firmly opposed 在中国，民族平等是指：各民族不论人口多少，经济社会发展程度高低，风俗习惯和宗教信仰异同，都是中华民族的一部分，具有同等的地位，在国家和社会生活的一切方面，依法享有相同的权利，履行相同的义务，反对一切形式的民族压迫和民族歧视。
Through several years ’ development , capitalist general equality thought has gradually become a basic principle in policy - formulating and politics - operating . capitalist national equality idea has its unilateralism , narrowness and hypocrisy which cannot be overcome because it was formed on the base of unilateral , narrow and hypocoristic capitalist equality idea 民族平等是综合的、历史的、具体的,我们所要研究的民族平等是民族之间社会权利的平等,而不是自然的平等;是群体的平等,而不是个体的平等。
Concrete display : foreign interventionism from super - state and divided power from internal state , harm to the integrity of the state sovereignty the reasons as follows : the analysis of theory ( the analysis of philosophy , the analysis of ideology , the important contents of national self - determination - the contradiction between forms and facts of the equality of the nation , the reasons of international law ) , the international background ( the transform of the international pattern , economic globalization ) , the reasons of nations ( national policy ) 具体表现为：外来干涉从超国家层面，分裂势力从国家内部利用民族自决权对国家主权的完整性造成了侵害。究其原因有：理论层面（哲学的角度、思想方面的探讨、民族自决权重要内容一民族平等形式与事实之间的矛盾、国际法方面的分析） ，国际层面（国际格局的转型、经济全球化的影响） ，国家层面（民族政策） 。
With the rapid development of economy of our country and the course of urbanization , to further strengthen the study on the theory about urban ethnic management , and to discuss deep into the main part , method and discipline of urban ethnic management , is of important meaning both on theory and practice for developing urban ethnic job well , accelerating the ethnic equality , ethnic unity and co - prosperity of each nationality 摘要我国经济飞速发展，城市化进程加快，进一步加强城市民族管理的理论研究，深入探讨城市民族管理的主体、方式及其规律性，对于做好城市民族工作，促进民族平等、民族团结和各民族共同繁荣，具有重要的理论意义和实践意义。
