When pulse width is long enough to above 2 . 5ms , the corrected direction of laser hammering is away from the laser head , which may be the reason for weld bath being fatal destroyed 当脉冲宽度超过2 . 5ms时,由于熔池发生了复杂的变化,有可能使激光锤校正方向相反从而难以预测。
The flow of the molten slag pool determines the temperature distribution and the pool profiles in the electroslag casting process , which finally impact on the quality of ingot casting 摘要电渣熔铸过程中熔渣的流动决定了熔铸体系温度场的分布以及金属熔池的形状，最终影响熔铸钢锭的质量。
For the welding voltage doesn ' t change , so the arc length also will not change , and the arc will penetrate into the molten puddle , which will make the swing range small , so the fusion width will decrease 由于电压没有改变，所以弧厂也不变，导致电弧潜入熔池，使电弧摆动范围缩小，就是促使容熔宽减小。
But some problems are occurred , such as low bath temperature , difficulty in lime melting , slag overflow at vessel mouth , increase of metal consumption , difficulty in dephosphorization and low hitting rate at the final 在生产中出现熔池温度低、废钢和石灰不易熔化、炉口溢渣、金属消耗增加、脱磷困难、终点命中率低等问题。
When the welding current is added , the quality of heat of the arc will increase , so both the volume of molten puddle and the depth of arc crater will all increase , and the weld depth will increase when the weld is cooling 焊接电流增加时，电弧的热量增加，因此熔池体积和弧坑深度都随电流增加，所以冷却下来后，焊缝厚度就增加。
The results of finite element analysis including the latent heat show lower maximum temperature , smaller size of melting pool , and narrower heat affected zone compared with the analysis neglecting the latent heat 考虑潜热的有限元模型分析结果和忽略潜热的计算结果比较，前者显示出较低的最高温度、较小的熔池范围和较窄的热影响域。
Because of laser ' s transient heating and fast cooling on metal surface , laser cladding ceramic reinforced composite layer on titanium alloy surface can greatly improve wear resistance of titanium alloy 利用高能激光束对材料表面瞬间加热和熔池快速冷却的特性，在钛合金表面用激光熔覆一层陶瓷增强复合材料，能够显著提高钛合金的耐磨性能。
There are three controlling signs for output : the displacement of casting roller , the casting temperature , the surface height of melting pool . the executing element for rotate speed is the frequency conversion 三个控制信号，即三路输出，分别为：铸辊转速、铸辊位移、熔池液面高度，控制转速的执行元件为变频器，位移和熔池液面高度都用伺服阀进行控制。
As plasma , welding arc has well electric character . exterior magnetic field can affect shape and movement of welding arc . and the welding bead and drops transfer can also be changed to improve the welding process and advanced the productivity 电弧作为一种等离子体,具有优良的导电性,用外部磁场可以改变电弧的形态和运动特性,影响焊缝熔池和熔滴过渡形式,大大改善焊接工艺,提高焊接生产效率。
At the same time , based on weld pool image characters , a method for image processing is presented , in which gray - scale morphological operators is used to process weld pool images . by this method , the important geometrical parameters of weld pool are measured 同时结合实际的焊接自动化中熔池图像的特点，详细介绍如何利用灰度形态学，设计基于com的形态处理算子，并且实时提取熔池的最大宽度、半长、后部面积、后拖脚等重要的几何参数。
