Most tracheoesophageal fistulas are caused by congenital anomalies and only a few cases are acquired ( eg . esophageal cancer , foreign body ) 摘要过去气管食道瘘管大多由先天性姿育异常所造成的，只有少数病例是后天形成（如食道癌、异物） 。
Coronary artery fistulas ( cafs ) are mostly congenital , but they have been reported to be acquired as complications of chest trauma or medical procedures 摘要冠状动脉瘘管是属于先天性的疾病，但是也有可能会因为胸部创伤或者是特定医疗行为的并发症所产生。
We report a patient with an undiagnosed tif who suffered massive bleeding from tracheostomy when we replaced the tracheostomy tube with an oral endotracheal tube 我们报告一个未被诊断出来有气管无名动脉瘘管的病人，在从气管造瘘管更换成口管时发生大量气道出血。
However , bowel injuries resulting in ulcer , fistula , stricture , and malabsorption are potential life - threatening complications , which can impact the quality of life 然而，体外放射治疗胃肠道伤害引起消化道溃疡、瘘管、狭窄及吸收不良等威胁生命的并发症，而且也直接影响病人的生活品质。
An abnormal duct or passage resulting from injury , disease , or a congenital disorder that connects an abscess , a cavity , or a hollow organ to the body surface or to another hollow organ 瘘，瘘管由于受伤、疾病或先天性变形引起的把脓肿、腔洞或空器官同身体或其它空器官连结起来的病变的通道
It shows mdct could be useful in diagnosis and in delineating the complex anatomy of a coronary artery fistula as well as for conventional coronary angiography 所以从这篇个案报告我们可以了解到，多切面电脑断层摄影的呈像结果不逊于传统的冠状动脉摄影，甚至可以用来检查与诊断具有复杂构造的冠状动脉瘘管。
It shows mdct could be useful in diagnosis and in delineating the complex anatomy of a coronary artery fistula as well as for conventional coronary angiography 所以从这篇个案报告我们可以了解到，多切面计算机断层摄影的呈像结果不逊于常规的冠状动脉摄影，甚至可以用来检查与诊断具有复杂构造的冠状动脉瘘管。
Here we report a patient who had a giant aneurysm - like right coronary artery resulting from a fistula terminating in the coronary sinus and another fistula arising from the circumflex artery 我们在这里报告一个病人同时患有先天性巨大瘤状右侧冠状动脉及另一个源自左侧环状枝的动静脉瘘管;且此两动静脉瘘管同时终止于冠状静脉窦。
We describe the case of a 77 - year - old man who received radiation therapy for rectal carcinoma that was subsequently complicated by enterorectal fistula , presenting as intractable diarrhea and acute renal failure 我们报告一位曾经接受放射治疗的77岁男性直肠癌患者，他并发小肠直肠瘘管生成，进而引发难治性大量腹泻及低容性急性肾衰竭。
A 54 years - old male progressively developed ptosis , conjunctival vessels engorgement and tortuosity , eom limitation , diplopia and elevation of intraocular pressure of right eye following a motorcycle accident 摘要一名54岁男性病患，因头部外伤而发生右侧颈动脉海绵窦瘘管，并发眼球突出、眼睑下垂、眼球运动受损、结膜血管扩张、眼压上升等眼部症状。
