Topics include learning process , work motivation , job design , goal setting , understanding effective work groups , leadership , decision making and corporate cultures 主题包括学习过程，工作动机，职业设计，目标设置，理解有效的团队工作，领导，决策和合作文化。
Locke and other experts thought positively influence of goal - setting in the action of achieving duty is one of the most comprehensive achievement which can stand repeatedly study 洛克等人认为目标设置对完成任务活动的积极作用是有关心理文献中最健全、最经得起重复研究的成果之一。
According to the model of goal - setting and task performance , the effective method is to attach importance to the goal specificities and to lead students to set specific goals 根据洛克和拉色姆的目标设置和绩效模型，重视目标的清晰度，引导学生设置具体明确的学习目标不失为一种有效的途径。
Though goal - setting is complexly correlated with achievement , goals can make people compare present achievement with goals expecting to achieve so that they can keep their motivate level and improve their achievement level 尽管目标设置和绩效之间存在着复杂的关系，但目标可以让人们对目前的绩效与期望达到的目标进行比较，从而维持其动机水平和提高自身的绩效水平。
They influence self - regulated learning by a means of interaction . among these factors , individual factors include self - efficacy , goals and emotions et al . our special focus in this article is the effects of goal setting and self - efficacy 该理论认为，学生的自我调节学习能力受三个因素，即个人、环境和行为因素的交互作用影响，其中个人因素有自我效能感、目标设置和情绪等。
Featured with self - discipline , spiritual drive and stability , it impacts upon the administer ' s performance mainly through two dimensions of closely related factors , namely fulfillment & goal - setting , and the intermediary variable and the buffer variable of contextual factor 管理者责任心主要通过两个子维度成就感和目标设置中介变量及情景因素的缓冲变量影响工作绩效，且二者存在较强相关性。
With the experiment and questionnaire , we explored the effects of the physics academic achievements and self - regulated learning abilities by goal - setting and self - efficacy in 121 high school students . the results revealed : l . for the academic achievements , there was a significant main effect for goal setting 本研究在自我调节学习理论基础上，采用问卷法和实验法考察了目标设置和自我效能感对高一学生学业成绩和自我调节学习能力的影响，研究结果发现： 1
Second , prediction , exploratory factor analysis was conducted on the 296 recalled valid questionnaires , from which 7 dimensionalities of performance management were extracted : definition of the job objectives ; participation of the individuals on the objective items ; feedback on the employee performance ; support on the employee work ; evaluation on the employee performance ; performance related pay ; performance praise 二，进行预测，然后对回收到的296份有效问卷进行探索性因素分析，得到绩效管理问卷的7个维度：工作目标的明确性；目标设置中员工的参与性；对员工工作的反馈；组织对员工的工作支持；对员工工作的考评；绩效工资；绩效奖励。
At the same time , he noted that goal - setting has much more positive influence on the result of action , when the goal - setting is concrete and it is a objective and immediate feedback on the result of participants . goal - setting is a process which can improve the effect and efficiency of action through concreting the results of individual , group , department and organization expect to achieve 他同时指出，当设置的目标是具体的、富有挑战性的，同时又对活动者的成绩进行客观及时的反馈时，目标设置对活动结果的积极影响更大目标设置是指通过把个体、团队、部门和组织所期望达到的结果具体化，从而提高其活动效率和效用的一个过程。
The study is developed from the following two aspects : firstly , analyze the different contents and the aims of the different stages of the construction project . and bring forward the viewpoint that cost management in planning stage is more important than that in the implementing stage . moreover , analyze the problems existing in cost management in our country 本文的研究主要是从以下两个方面展开的：首先，分析了建设项目不同阶段成本管理的不同内容和目标设置，在此基础上，提出了计划阶段成本管理对项目总成本的影响要比实施阶段成本管理的影响大得多的观点，进而分析了我国成本管理中存在的问题。
