In this paper , the author discussed the design of comprehensive system , instrument and measurement in order to meet the need of the straightness measurement of super - length guideway testing and alignment system , development of super - length orbit straightness measurement system in detail 基于超长导轨测试及调整系统的直线度检测的需要，本文详细论述了超长导轨直线性检测系统的综合系统设计方案、仪器研制方案及其测试方案。
The methods of straightness measurement are mostly about a line , but the straightness of couple lasers is the mainly problem in the system . first the couple laser beams should be calibrated separately . then , the couple laser beams should be aligned , and it is the most important problem in the design 现在直线度的测量方法多数是对一条直线的直线度进行测量,本文所要解决的主要问题是两束激光的直线性校准,首先要分别对两束激光器的直线性校准,然后将两束激光调到一条直线上,这也是设计中的重点问题。
At first , the author analyzed some chief factors such as light beam drift and atmospheric turbulence that affect the precision of the laser collimation in brief . then , the author studied the plan of the laser collimation generating nondiffracting beam and automatic level system with high precision . at last , the author completed the measurement of the straightness guideway by using ccd ( charge coupled device ) as the receiver and computer imaging processing 文章首先简要地分析了激光自身漂移、大气湍流等影响激光准直精度的主要因素，然后对系统的激光准直方案进行论证，并确定了无衍射光束的生成方案、高精度自动安平系统的结构方案，最后以ccd为接收器件，通过计算机图像处理，完成对轨道直线性的测量。
The design of the laser and its bracket , neutral density filters , lens , and digital camera are complete in the hardware design ; the image collection and centroid calculation are complete in the software design ; and the experiment of straightness calibration is accomplished . the possible errors are analyzed about the whole system , and some methods to decrease the errors are put forward 硬件部分主要完成了激光器及其支架、衰减片组、透镜组和数字相机的结构设计;软件部分主要完成了图像的采集和质心的求取;最后进行了直线性校准实验,并对实验过程进行了误差分析,提出了减小误差的方法。
First , we can use a camera to take over the laser beam at one end , record the position of the light - spot , and calculate the centroid of the light - spot , then , move the laser on the guide rail . we should rectify the screw until the position of light - spot is unchangeable . then , the camera should be moved to the other end of the guide rail 先用摄像机在一端接收激光器发出的光斑,并记录光斑的位置,求出其质心,然后在导轨上移动激光器,调节顶丝,直到摄像机上的光斑位置不动为止,然后将激光器移到导轨另一端,让激光器在导轨上滑动,调节顶丝,直到摄像机上光斑位置不变,而且与前一次测试时的位置在误差允许的范围内,则认为激光器直线性校准完毕。
