However , continued injection of humans with antibodies made in another species eventually leads to the production of antibodies against the foreign antibodies . this problem may now be circumvented by immunizing mice that have been transfected with large segments of the human immunoglobulin loci so the mice actually produce human antibodies V 。基因全长357hp ，属鼠免疫球蛋白重链第i亚类，由种系基因v 、 dspz 8与jh4重排而来，编码119个氨基酸残基。
Part 1 : the culture and identification of es - d3 cells and the study of the efficiency of eb formation from es cells when grown on mef feeder layer in es culture medium or cultured in es culture medium supplemented with lif 1000u / ml , es - d3 cells being used in our experiments formed normal clones , expressed akp and kept their normal karyotype over many passages . the in vitro and in vivo differentiation experiments showed that es - d3 cells could differentiate into variety of cell types derived from three primary germ layers 结果显示： eso3细胞在小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞上和或含白血病抑制因于亿f ）的es细胞培养液中形成典型的胚胎干细胞克隆，碱性磷酸酶染色结果为强阳性，具有正常二倍体核型以及具有在体内外分化为三个胚层来源的组织细胞的潜能，而且具有形成种系嵌合动物的能力。
Multi - locus dna fingerprint technique was used to check the chimerism of chimeric mouse generated by injecting es cells into blastocysts and to detect whether the chimeric mouse is a germ - line chimeras . the results indicated that : the multi - locus dna fingerprint with a new synthesized probe - jl - 02 , has enough polymerism and good stability , and should be very useful to monitor the chimerism in different tissues of es cell chimeric mouse and to check whether an es cell line has the capacity to enter the germ line , especially when involving strains that can not be discerned with coat color or biochemical markers 尝试应用多位点dna指纹技术，检测经过胚胎干细胞es细胞途径所获得的嵌合体小鼠中es细胞在各种脏器中的嵌合情况检测es细胞在嵌合体小鼠中是否实现种系传递。结果表明：采用新型的人工合成的寡核苷酸多聚体探针jl - 02探针的多位点dna指纹图谱，具有足够的多态性和很好的稳定性。
Unicolor and lilium asiatic hybrids or cultivars in lilium asiatic hybrids were researched with their parents by karyotype , soluble protein , esterase isoenzyme and peroxidase isoenzyme . the results provided identification markers of cytology and biochemistry for hybridization at the early stage in lily breeding programs . the cluster analysis according to similarity coefficient of soluble protein and peroxidase showed that " yellow " and " omega " have the most closest relation in lilium asiatic hybrids 本研究对百合属几个植物的亲缘关系进行了可溶性蛋白质、过氧化物酶同工酶分析，同时对亚洲百合杂交系内杂交及其与原种系间的杂交后代进行了核型、可溶性蛋白质、过氧化物酶和酯酶同工酶分析，以期为百合属植物亲缘关系分析提供生化依据，以及为杂交后代的早期鉴定提供细胞学、生化水平的检测指标。
The optimized result of cell immobilization cultures was acquired , including the support matrices pretreatment , the class and size of support matrices , the level of dissolved 62 and inoculum . the optimal ratio of hormones was got by uniform design according to its high immobilization level , high metabolism and retaining vigorous cells with long period . a medium which fit well all the conditions was obtained , and the efficiency of producing ginkgolides by cell culture improved obviously 进行了优良种系的诱导和优选，得到了一种生长快、分散性好，并很好的符合固定化要求的细胞株系；对固定化条件进行了最优化配置- -从载体预处理、载体种类、载体量、大小和溶氧到细胞接种量系统的研究；采用均匀设计寻求一种高固定化、高代谢及长期保持细胞活力的激素配比，最终得到一种基本满足上述要求的培养基。
2 . we use the novel copper binding protein as antigen , prepared rabbit anti rat copper binding protein polyclonal antibody . discussion recently , a number of proteins , that play significant roles in intracellular copper homeostasis , were identified in various species , ranging from bacteria to humans 讨论近年来的研究发现了多种在不同生物种系维持细胞内钢平衡的蛋白，这些蛋白分布较广，从噬菌体到人类都存在具有这种功能的蛋白质，分为铜伴侣和铜转运体两种。
