Centromere the region of the chromosome that contains the kinetochore , the structure that becomes attached to the nuclear spindle during mitosis and meiosis 着丝粒：染色体上包含着丝点的区域，在细胞有丝分裂和减数分裂期间与纺锤体相整合的一种结构。
After the heat shocking was released , the spindles reformed in about 72 . 8 % of the observed activated eggs and did not in the others 观察解除热休克后被处理卵子纺锤体恢复情况，发现有72 . 8的激活卵在解除休克后6min内恢复有丝分裂器， 27 . 2的卵子内未出现纺锤丝和纺锤体。
However , the centriole is not essential for spindle formation , although an analogous structure , the basal body , is responsible for organizing the microtubules of undulipodla 但中心粒对于纺锤体的形成并不是必须的，尽管具有相似的结构基体，中心粒对于波动足微管的形成有重要作用。
We found that either the abnormal central spindle structure or the absence of central spindle distributed cam could inhibit the furrow formation . it indicates that the central spindle distributed cam might involve in the regulation of furrow formation 我们发现中区纺锤体结构异常、中区纺锤体处cam的缺失均会影响分裂沟的形成，提示分布在中区纺锤体处的cam很可能参与调控了分裂沟的形成。
W7 was added when the cells entered anaphase , we found that although some cells had elongated , the distribution patternof cam at central spindle was normal , and it seemed that a cleavage furrow would possibly form soon , however , these cells stopped cytokinesis at this stage , no furrow ingression followed 在细胞进入有丝分裂后期时，加入w7 ，我们发现有的细胞虽已拉伸变长，中区纺锤体处也有gfp cam的分布，存在形成分裂沟的迹象，但分裂沟却不继续缢裂加深。
In cucumber , there were obviously si depoist on the older leaves from + si plant , si ca n ' t be observed on the younger leaves from + si plant . there were no silicon distribtion on the - si leaves . by analzing edx map of silicon , it was showed that , in the leaf blades of rices , si exsisted in the form , of fan - shaped and dumbbell - shaped . there were many trichomes which contained si on the surfaces of leave and stems on cucumber 在两种植物中，水稻表现出老叶硅分布比嫩叶密集，从叶尖-叶中部-叶基部表现出硅分布密集程度逐渐降低的趋势；加硅处理的黄瓜老叶硅的分布较明显，但嫩叶和未加硅处理的叶片未见明显的硅的染色。通过扫描电镜及硅的x能谱分析显示，水稻硅呈纺锤体及扇形硅质体。
Since the success of dolly , the first cloned sheep with the adult somatic cells as karyoplast donor , new approaches have been developed for nuclear transfer technology . here we describe a handmade cloning method which combines the chemical induced enuleation and zona - free technology in embryo culture . enuleated oocytes were derived by exposing the oocytes to demecolcine and cytoheximide supplemented mdium sequently and its chromosome was depleted to the first polar body 将培养10h的化学去核卵母细胞与供体成纤维细胞融合后lh 、 2h 、 3h ，分别有77 . 6 % 、 70 . 6 % 、 58 . 9 %重构胚的染色质发生凝集，其余胚胎的染色体则处于原核期;而只在融合后3h ， 27 . 9 %重构胚被标记出组装的纺锤体，且其中的同源染色体己经分离。
As the cyclin dependent kinase , cdc2 may act at multiple levels during mitosis to repress ribosome biogenesis , which lead the biosynthesis to a relative silent phase , when the most of cell ' s energy expenditure is used in chromosome condensation , breakdown of the nuclear envelope , and formation of the mitotic spindle 作为cyclin依赖激酶， cdc2的激酶活性在很大程度上抑制了细胞的合成代谢，使细胞的蛋白合成进入了一个相对的静止期，而细胞主要的能量则被应用于细胞分裂时的染色体的浓缩、核膜的降解、纺锤体的形成等。
3 . when the cells were treated with w7 , a ca2 + / cam inhibitor , the central spindle assembly was affected , and the abnormal central spindle was formed ; besides , when w7 treatment was applied at an early stage of cytokinesis , the division furrow index would decrease substantially . these results show that cam is really involved in the regulation of furrow formation and this involvement may be fulfilled by regulating the dynamic structure of central spindle 我们利用w7抑制cam活性，发现cam活性丧失会引起中区纺锤体结构异常；如用w7处理同步化于胞质分裂早期的细胞，可使细胞的分裂沟形成指数明显下降，这表明cam的确参与调控了分裂沟的形成，而且可能是通过调控中区纺锤体的动态结构参与这一过程的。
The tri - polar cells were induced by cytochalasin b treatment , by using the tri - polar cell model , it ' s quite convenient to compare the difference of central spindle structure and the difference of cam distribution pattern between each two poles in the same cell ; moreover , it ' s easy to see whether these differences would affect the furrow formation 2我们采用cytochalasinb处理法获得三极细胞，应用三极细胞模型，在同一个细胞中比较每两极之间中区纺锤体结构的差异， cam分布的差异对最终分裂沟形成的影响。
