On the basis of thermal conduction equations the fe formulation of the stable and transient temperature fields are provided at first . as an example , the fe formulation of transient temperature fields for plane problems has been shown in detail , in which the space of structures is discrete by use of the finite element method while the time is discrete by use of the finite difference method 从热传导问题的基本方程出发，求得计算稳态和瞬态温度场的有限元一般格式，并以二维问题为例，推得求解瞬态温度场的有限元方程组，文中采用有限元法离散结构空间，有限差分法离散时间。
Then , using the large - scale coarse grained soil test system , the relative density and direct shear characteristics of sand - gravel mixtures in different size distribution were tested . and the soc affecting mechanism derived from non - uniform granular material was discussed . the phenomenon can be observed that , along with the increase of non - uniform degree , the accumulate structure will become more complex , and the sliding resistance among sands will grow accordingly 在此基础上，利用大型粗颗粒实验系统，测定不同非均匀系数沙石材料的相对密度和直剪特性，探讨了颗粒非均匀程度对自组织临界性影响的具体物理力学机制：随着非均匀度的增大，散粒堆积体的颗粒结构空间分布堆积方式的多样性增大，颗粒滑动的摩擦耗能增加。
And then , sgkz2000 which is a special software for cable design and construction calculation for suspension bridge and bcas2000 , a 3 - d geometric nonlinear static and dynamic analysis software for bridge structure , are described on aspects of main characters , function , applying condition in engineering , interface and program technology . part of these classic examples and contracts are 再次，介绍了本文编制的悬索桥主缆设计与施工计算专用软件sgkzz000和桥梁结构空间几何非线性静动力分析软件bcas200o的主要特点与功能、工程应用情况、界面及编程技术;给出了软件验证过的部分经典算例及比较，对软件的精度和可靠性加以了验证。
