Facing the difficulty in managing the separated networks , one effective way is to integrate the separated networks into one whole multi - functional , future - oriented network management system . such a management system not only is convenient to use and maintain , but also and more important allows the entrance of new management systems 面对分离网络管理所处的困境，一个有效的解决办法是把现有的独立存在的功能型管理系统综合成一个功能齐全、面向未来的综合网络管理系统，既便于维护、使用，也可以提高系统的利用率，而且更重要的是，以后新的网管需求将直接纳入该综合网络管理系统之中。
The author elaborates autonomous learning categories , such as brainstorming , role - play , case studies , situated learning and so on . then the author designs a synthetical e - learning model that includes establishing unit objectives , problem driven ; creating situation , learning method instruction ; self exploring , discovering problem ; collaborative inquiry in group , communication among group ; teacher instructing , communication on web ; solving problems , constructing meaning ; forming works ; summary and evaluation 论述了头脑风暴、角色扮演、案例研习、情景化学习等自主学习的实践类型，尝试设计了一种包含确立单元目标、问题驱动；创设情境、学法指导；自主探索、发现问题；小组协作探究、组间交流；教师指导、网上交流；解决问题，意义建构；形成作品；总结评价八个环节的综合网络学习模式。
Since 2001 , the official website of the beijing 2008 olympic games has undergone numerous facelifts , from the modest website used solely for reporting news at the onset gradually evolving into a comprehensive platform for news about the preparation for the games , society and sports news , as well as for interaction with web users 2001年至今，北京奥运会官方网站经历了数次改版，由早期单纯的新闻发布逐渐演变成为集奥运会筹办新闻社会新闻体育新闻发布和网民互动为一体的综合网络平台。
Zhang lixia ( water conservancy engineering ) supervised by professor shi kebin this paper mainly discussed a method for multi - goal network ' s optimization . since the network plan was brought forward , the criterion for evaluating network was time cost resource all along . in this paper , through massive study on achievements the predecessors had done the author posed a new criterion : quality , and set up the network ' s quality model ; simultaneously , the author established the network ' s multi - goal model by synthesizing the existing optimum models , also found the finite not bad solution of the model ; because the four goals was in contradiction with each other , using the multi - goal decision theory can optimize the network project scientifically and objectively 本文在对前人关于网络计划研究结论的总结分析的基础上，探讨了评价网络计划优劣的各准则，提出一种新的评判准则：工程质量，并建立了网络计划的工程质量模型；针对目前网络计划多是单目标的优化，综合网络计划就各目标优化方法的研究理论，建立了网络计划的多目标模型，并将工程质量模型融入其中，根据网络计划的特点，解出该模型的有限个非劣解；由于各优化目标之间的矛盾性、不可公度性，用多目标决策理论的方法，科学而客观地对网络计划进行了多目标优化，从而避免了人为决策的盲目性、主观性。
Because of the direction and the long co - existence of corba , cmip , snmp technology in the network management field , this paper mainly focuses on the inter - connection , inter - communication and inter - operation issue between the corba field and the snmp field , and supports with relevant solutions 本文是从综合网络管理这一大趋势出发，基于在网络管理领域corba 、 cmip 、 snmp三大技术将长时间并存的现状，研究corba域和snmp域如何进行互联、互通、互操作的现实性问题，并给出了相应的解决方案。
