The excellent features and multifunctional traits of jerusalem artichoke are not only essential qualification for the development of herbivores , but also important to water and soil conservation and environmental protection 菊芋的许多优良特性和多功能特点，不但是发展草食畜禽的必要条件，而且对水土保持、环境保护有重要作用。
Furthermore , the content of na + and cl - in the leaves was positively correlated with the electrolyte leakage an d the content of mda of leaves , and the correlation levels of the content of na + and cl " and the electrolyte leakage are significant 并且，菊芋幼苗叶片中na ~ + 、 cl ~ -含量的增加与电解质渗透率和丙二醛含量增大均呈正相关，其中电解质渗透率的增大与na ~ + 、 cl ~ -含量的增加达到显著水平。
The results showed that : adding tryptone , soy peptone . beef extract , com extract and cys - hcl to jaj could obviously promote the growth of blm and bbm ; by the orthogonal experiment of three elements and three levels , a satisfying jaj compound medium was acquired which included corn extract ( 0 . 3 % ) , soy peptone ( 0 . 05 % ) and cys - hcl ( 0 . 025 % ) . nextly , after establishing a selective bifidobacterium medium , the effects of jaj on the growth of bifidobacteria in vivo were studied , using healthy mouse of kunming species as experimental animal 研究了以菊芋汁为主要原料的双歧杆菌培养基，大量试验结果表明，在菊芋汁中添加胰蛋白胨、牛肉膏、大豆蛋白胨、玉米浆和半胱氨酸盐酸盐等成分，对双歧杆菌有明显的促进生长作用；利用大豆蛋白胨、玉米浆和半胱氨酸盐酸盐设计了三因素三水平的正交试验，确定了菊芋汁复合培养基的优化配方：菊芋汁+ 0 . 3玉米浆+ 0 . 05大豆蛋白胨+ 0 . 025半胱氨酸盐酸盐。
My experiment can mostly include two sections : the first one was a pot experiment which was carried out in the greenhouse to study the physiological responses of helianthus tuberosus l . seedlings to salt and water stress ; the second one was a field experiment which was carried out in laizhou , shandong province to study the effects of seawater irrigation on helianthus tuberosus l . and soil 本试验由温室盆栽耐盐耐旱试验和大田海水灌溉试验两大部分组成：温室盆栽试验主要通过砂培的方法，研究了幼苗期菊芋在盐分和水分胁迫下的生理反应；大田试验在半干旱的山东莱州地区进行，研究了海水灌溉对菊芋及其土壤的影响。
The stem of helianthus tuberosus ( l . ) had the ability of containing high contents of na + and cl - , and selectively absorbed k + in high proportions seawater irrigation ; the above and tubers yields of helianthus tuberosus ( l . ) had n ' t decreased until at the 50 % proportions seawater irrigation where the yields decreased by 37 % and 32 % in contrast to freshwater - irrigated . it meant that through natural weather , reduction of yields was occurred by salinity of irrigation water but the reduction was not significant until the proportions of seawater in irrigation water were the same as 50 % or above it 海水灌溉下，菊芋的茎部具有明显的贮cl ~ - 、 na ~ +能力，在高浓度海水灌溉下菊芋整个植株对k ~ +具有较高的选择吸收性；菊芋地上部和块茎产量在30海水处理范围内，没有减产趋势，在50海水灌溉下减产幅度分别为37和32 ；可见，正常自然条件下的海水灌溉，对产量的影响主要和灌溉水的浓度有关，但只有在50处理下才显著减产，低于50产量并无差异。
The results also showed that with the increasing of nacl concentrations , both the electrolyte leakage and the content of mda increased . and under water stress , both the electrolyte leakage and the content of mda had no significant difference compared with those of ck , but were lower than those of iso - osmotic nacl treatment 结果还表明，随着nacl浓度的递增，菊芋幼苗叶片电解质渗透率和丙二醛含量呈上升趋势； peg处理下，电解质渗透率和丙二醛含量与对照无明显差异，但明显小于等渗nacl处理。
The results indicated that : jaj could selectively stimulate the reprduction of bifidobacteria in vivo and inhibit the growth of e . coli which is a main parasitic basterium in human intestinal tract ; moreover , jaj could apprarently improve intestinal tract function . in tested group , the mice excreted smoothly and the faecal particles of mice were big and wet , but in control group , the faecal particles of mice were small and dry . lt was suggested that inulin may be the important effective component in jaj which promoted the reprduction of bifidobacteria in vivo . at last , the effects of ja on the bile salt resis tance of bifidobacteria were studied . the test proved that : deoxycholic acid na - salt ( dca - na ) had intensely toxical action on blm and bbm ; adding glucose and fructose in media could decrease the lexical action on bbm . but inulin and jap had not apparent effect 在通过单菌株检验和混菌检验确立了一种选择性双歧杆菌培养基之后，进一步以健康昆明系小鼠为实验动物，研究了菊芋在动物肠道内对双歧杆菌的影响，动物实验结果表明，菊芋汁在体内对双歧杆菌有选择性促进生长作用，而肠道中主要条件致病菌?大肠杆菌的生长受到抑制；菊芋中的菊糖成分可能对菊芋在体内选择性地促进双歧杆菌生长起了主要作用；此外，菊芋还具有明显的整肠作用，同对照组相比，饲喂菊芋汁的小鼠排便顺利，粪便颗粒大且湿润。
But on the later condition the trend of accumulation turned to be stable in the w3 treatment ( vseawater / v pure water = 1 ) - in root zone soil , variation of sar value accorded with total salt accumulations and sometimes decreased at the treatment where the v seawater / v pure water > 1 . contents of cl - and na + which were the main ions and leached obviously in 0 - 60cm soil were greatly influenced by rainfall , but the rainfall did not affected the contents of ca2 + , mg2 + and k + whose ability of leaching is worse than that of cl - and na + in the root zone soil obviously . the vertical distribution of salt ions in the 0 - 60cm soil were mainly affected by the ratio of v seawater / v pure water in the irrigation water on the condition of not enough rainfall , but on the cont 海水灌溉下，耕层土壤中盐分含量受降雨量影响很大，足够的降雨条件下，盐分不会积累，降雨量较低时，盐分积累明显，但在50海水处理下趋于平衡状态；耕层土壤sar值的变化情况和盐分含量变化情况相一致，在灌溉水中海水浓度大于50时有所下降；土壤中主要盐离子为cl ~ -和na ~ + ， 0 - 60cm土层内， na ~ + 、 cl ~ -明显的向土壤底层迁移，其在土壤中的含量受降雨影响显著，而ca ~ ( 2 + ) 、 mg ~ ( 2 + )和k ~ +在土壤中迁移能力较低，其含量受降雨影响较小； 0 - 60cm层次土壤盐分的纵向分布在降雨量较低的条件下主要受灌溉水中海水浓度的影响，而在降雨充分的条件下，地面覆盖程度成为重要的影响盐分和水分胁迫下菊芋的生理响应及其海水灌溉研究因子之一。
In order to provide theoritical foundation for the utilization of jerusalem artichoke ( ja ) resource , culturation of bifidobacteria and development of bifidobacteria products . this paper rather systernly studied the effects of ja on the growth of bifidobacteria , using jerusalem artichoke juice ( jaj ) and jerusalem artichoke powder ( jap ) as experimental material . in the first place , the effects of ja on the growth of bifidobacteria in vitro were studied . the results indicated that : jaj could stimulated the growth of b . longum ( blm ) and b . bifidwn ( bbm ) ; the more jaj content was added , the more promoting action was apparent ; the promoting action also varied from the different species . adding jap ( 3 % ) to skim milk could decrease the time of milk - solidfying of blm and bbm , and could increase the acid production in skim milk of the strains tested . secondly , bifidobacterium medium was developed using jaj as main material 本文以菊芋汁和菊芋粉为主要材料，较系统地研究了菊芋对双歧杆菌生长的影响，以期为进一步开发利用菊芋资源、双歧杆菌的培养及其制品开发提供理论依据。菊芋在体外对双歧杆菌生长的影响试验表明，菊芋汁在体外对长双歧杆菌( blm )和两歧双歧杆菌( bbm )的生长具有促进作用，其效果随着菊芋汁添加量的增加而增加，并且对不同菌种的促生长效果存在差异；在脱脂乳中添加3的菊芋粉可以缩短blm和bbm的凝乳时间，其原因可能为促进了试验双歧杆菌在脱脂乳中的产酸。
With the concentration of nacl increasing , activities of sod and pod in leaf increased at first then decreased as compared with under condition of control treatment and iso - osmotic nacl stress , under peg stress sod activities in leaf increased 31 . 1 % and 27 . 1 % , but pod activities decreased 26 . 0 % and 36 . 1 % respectively 随着nacl胁迫强度的增加，菊芋幼苗叶片的sod和pod活性先上升后下降； peg处理下， sod活性分别高于对照和等渗nacl处理31 . 1和27 . 1 ；而pod活性却分别低于对照和等渗nacl处理26 . 0和36 . 1 。
