The scientific substance lies in the scientific principle that expertise is based on , the basic requirements for authentication materials , as well as the scientific methods and measures in authentication ; the legal substance mainly concludes the acceptance of evidence and the value of evidence 鉴定结论的科学性体现于其所依据的科学原理，鉴定对象所应具备的基本条件以及鉴定方法手段的科学性上；而对鉴定结论的合法性内容则主要是从其证据能力和证明力这两大属性加以阐述。
The elements of obtaining evidence include rules on subject of obtaining evidence , procedure in obtaining evidence , scope of obtaining evidence . legal administrative organs or departments should charge the activities of obtaining evidence . those activities may be fulfilled through administrative assistance or administrative commission if necessary 听证笔录是对行政处罚听证过程的实际记录，具有即时性，程序结束之后即无法取得，之后补作必然不具有证明力，鉴于这类证据与案卷排他性原则的密切联系，故在本章重点论述。
This article analyzes the main reasons for the disorder from the deviation of the understanding on judicial authentication conclusion and self - limitations of judicial authentication system , and comments on relevant rules of decisions by standing committee of the npc on the management of judicial authentication 本文从对鉴定结论有关基本理论问题在认识和理解上存在的偏差以及司法鉴定体制本身的缺陷这两方面来分析长期以来在司法鉴定结论证明力的审查判断问题上出现混乱的原因，并就《全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于司法鉴定管理问题的决定》在相关问题上的新规定作出了分析评述。
The article rests on the examples , precedents and written law via internet ; consults many essays about electronic evidence from domestic and overseas ; draws on the experience of the evidence and information subject ; compares the law , regulations and theory of most of the world ; analyses two important questions : the admissibility and the weight of electroniq evidence ; discusses the way of gathering and operating electronic evidence 文章基于国内外有关电子证据的案例、通过因特网下载的相关立法、司法解释；参考了国内外有关电子证据方面的论著资料；借鉴了证据法学、信息工程学等学科的理论和方法；比较了世界主要国家在电子证据方面的立法、判例、司法解释和学说；分析了电子证据可采性和证明力两个基本问题；探讨了电子证据的收集和运用规则。
With strength of proving question of putting ability to the proof etc of canning be adopted nature on the evidence , set up some rules , make administration of justice to practise with the rule prevent the wanton quality , in order to safeguard the justice . the more important things is that ensures the lawsuit to participate in people ' s lawful rights and interests 有关证据的搜集、应用，就证据的可采性与证明力、举证责任等问题，建立一些规则，以规制司法实践，防止随意性，以维护司法公正。更重要的是保障诉讼参与人的合法权益。
The former is determined by legality of authenticating corpus , resources of authentication materials and procedure of authentication , necessity for authenticating as well . while the value of expertise is influenced by many factors , among which the relation between expertise and facts of a case , as well as relation between expertise and other evidences in a case are mainly discussed here 其中，鉴定结论的证据能力决定于其鉴定主体的合法性、鉴定资料来源和鉴定系列程序的合法性，还牵涉到理论性很强的鉴定的必要性问题；而影响鉴定结论证明力的因素很多，在此主要是从鉴定结论与案件事实的关联程度，以及鉴定结论与案内其他证据的相互关系两方面考虑。
This proof following enterprise already through the authentication , and has set up a file in the dongguan 114 nets industry and commerce enterprise database , inquires the more detailed enterprise material , please dial the dongguan enterprise information desk 96060 ( artificially ) 9686810114 billion ( to be automatic ) , this enterprise numbers for 49007 兹证明力创广告装饰已通过认证，并已在东莞114网工商企业数据库中备案，查询更详细的企业资料，请拨东莞企业查询台96060 （人工） 9686810114 （自动） ，该企业编号为49007 。
Regarding the study on electronic evidence , the common law has a long history , which has formed a ripe system about the admissibility and the adoption of electronic evidence ; however , in the continent law , electronic evidence has n ' t been attached enough notice because the rules of evidence is n ' t a unique part in the legal structure . similar to the continent law , we have only a superficial understanding of the problem 在电子证据研究方面，英美法系学者的研究已有相当长的历史，其对电子证据的可采性与证明力以及收集、保全、出示、质疑与认定电子证据的规则已经形成了较为成熟的看法；在大陆法系国家，基于证据法不具有独立的地位等缘故，电子证据的研究尚未受到应有的重视。
What special aspects does electronic evidence have , the adoption of electronic evidence , the necessity of accepting electronic evidence , the legal orientation of electronic evidence , the collecting of the electronic evidence , and the censoring of the electronic evidence , etc have all become the problems to be solved by legislation . my thesis i s concentrated the problems above 本文围绕电子证据，着重分析探讨了其特点、效力、认定规则及对电子证据的收集等问题，共有六个部分组成，即电子证据的含义及特点、电子证据的可采纳性和采纳的必要性、电子证据法律定位、电子证据的证明力、电子证据的收集、电子证据的审查判断。
This thesis centers on computer crime evidence definition and probes into its law efficiency , verif iabil ity , and researches into the method of protecting computer crime evidence and its examinations and studys on the technical problems of protecting evidence and the scene of crime , searching the suspect etc . though , at the present stage we can not compare with developed countried , our judicial organs can not meet the material need of this kind of case , the law problems caused by computer has already grown up 本文就计算机犯罪证据的界定，计算机犯罪证据的法律效力，证明力，计算机犯罪证据的固定保全，计算机犯罪证据的审查判断进行了深入的研究，对计算机犯罪的现场的保护、堪验、查找犯罪嫌疑人等有关侦查取证技术方面的问题也进行了探析。目前，虽然我国internet的普及程度无法与发达国家相比，司法机关的设备尚无法满足审理此类纠纷的物质需要。
