The difference between the user ' s feedback rusrj and the anfis output rpredj is taken as the error . we optimize ri in a widrow - hoff algorithm , and optimize ui in a batch learning 将用户的相关反馈ruseh和rpedj的差值作为误差信号，采用wdro一hoff算法在线式学习，优化八。
We simulate the practicality system to experimentalize , obtain the relation between defocus and focus error signal , make it a condition that na = 0 . 625 and n = 1 . 7979 并模拟实际系统，实验得出当临界角棱镜的折射率n = 1 . 7979 、物镜的数值孔径na = 0 . 625时，离焦量与离焦误差信号的关系曲线。
Comparatively , this work can be well done by neural networks . if neural networks are trained by error signal to get the appropriate control signal , it is operating as a controller 同时，也可以利用神经网络的特性，用误差信号训练神经网络，以得到期望的控制信号，此时的神经网络就起到控制器的作用。
Finally , the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through theoretical and numerical results for systems with both unknown time - invariant and time - varying parameters 理论分析与仿真结果表明，跟踪误差信号在一预先指定区间上收敛到零，在起始区间段上被囿于死区所确定的区域中；并保证闭环系统中所有信号是有界的。
The result of simulation for the closed - loop system in the matlab illustrates that the system can provide unity power factor not only in ideal condition but also in the case of errors in missing of some current 研究表明系统在理想情况下能实现单位功率因数而且在某相电流误差信号丢失的非理想情况下仍然能实现单位功率因数控制。
So its error signal usually is non - differential , which limits pid controller ' s use . professor han in chinese academy of sciences has put forward a new kind of nonlinear pid controller 误差信号按经典意义通常不可微，其微分信号难以利用，这就限制了经典pid控制器的使用范围。我国中科院韩京清教授提出了一种新型非线性pid控制器。
A new variable step - size cma blind equalization algorithm is introduced to conquer the defects of cma , in which the step size is controlled by the estimation of error signal ' s autocorrelation 摘要提出了一种自适应变步长恒模盲均衡算法，利用剩余误差信号的自相关函数估计值作为控制步长的因子来自适应改变步长的大小，克服了恒模算法存在的固有缺陷。
The advantage of this method is that , the compensation loop is applied for eliminating the change of toroidal flux produced by the toroidal coils and the adjustable structure can be used to decrease the error signals come from the poloidal field 该方法的优点是补偿线圈有效地消除了纵场线圈产生的磁通变化，而调节机构能降低来自极向场的误差信号。
This paper analyses the critical angle method that often use in focus detected . we receive two relations , the first relation between refractive index of the critical - angle prism and focus - error signal ; the second relation between numerical aperture of object lens and out - of - focus error signal 本文针对伺服系统中常用的调焦方法-临界角方法进行了分析，理论上得到临界角棱镜的折射率、物镜的数值孔径与离焦误差信号的关系。
It does n ' t need importing the augmented err - or signal , which has bring a very complex algorithm in the mracs design , simply only to use the input and output data to deduce . the new kind of method is not only facilitated , but also practical and easy to come to reality 这种新的自适应控制算法仅仅利用预测模型的输入和输出测量值进行计算，不必引入增广误差信号而得到自适应控制律，同时免去了大规模丢番图矩阵方程的求解，便于工程实现。
