Deteriorating terms of trade has universality and relativity only by continuously promoting technological progress and speeding up the readjustment of industrial structure , can we ensure the sustained improvement of terms of trade and gains from trade and maintain sustained economic development 贸易条件恶化具有普遍性和相对性；只有不断地促进技术进步和加快产业结构的调整，才能保证贸易条件和贸易利益的持续改善，保持经济的持续发展。
Whether bilateral and multilateral agreements or foreign trade arrangements and policies a nation constitutes relate directly to the share of gains from trade . all kinds of trade barrier are just means to participate in the distribution of gains from trade 不论是国际上有关贸易的双边和多边协议，还是各个国家在对外贸易方面做出的安排和政策，所直接涉及的都是贸易利益的分配，各种保护贸易壁垒措施，不过是有关各方参与贸易利益分配的手段而已。
The basis opposes allowance agreement , can accuse allowance is to point to allow to carry out inside certain limits , but if be in executive process , square to other member economic commerce interest produced adverse effect , the member that causes adverse effect because of measure of this kind of allowance square ok just put forward crosscurrent and to lodge a complaint to the member that uses measure of this kind of allowance 根据反补贴协议，可诉补贴是指在一定范围内答应实施，但假如在实施过程中对其他成员方的经济贸易利益产生了不利影响，因这类补贴措施而导致不利影响的成员方就可以向使用这类补贴措施的成员方提出反对意见和提出申诉。
The conference aims to review the development of china s foreign trade regime since its accession to the wto in 2001 , and the problems the country faces in implementing its wto commitments . proposals are expected on how china could participate in the wto more effectively in the future 研讨会将总结中国自2001入世以来在完善外贸法律体制上所取得的成就，探讨中国在执行入世承诺时所面临的问题，并研究中国如何调整其在世贸组织的谈判策略，灵活运用世贸组织的争端解决机制，以保护其贸易利益。
Adam smith theorized hi 1776 that national real income could be maximized if a country specialized in its export sector and import ed only these goods that others could make for less . we called it " the theory of absolute advantage " . which was challenged in 1817 by david ricardo and his theory of comparative advantage , in which revealed the base and the source of mutually beneficial trade . the most important refinement of the ricardian model was developed by eli 他在《国富论》中提出了绝对优势理论，后经大卫?李嘉图修正，形成了比较优势论，比较优势论解释了互利贸易的基础，以及贸易利益的来源，比较优势论最终由俄林将其完善，俄林的要素禀赋论是比较优势理论成为我们所熟知的国际贸易主流理论，两百年来，几乎在所有的教科书中，都把比较优势论作为国际贸易理论的奠基理论。
The tariff and all kinds of non - tariff barriers of developed countries remain much higher on many comparative advantage products exported by developing countries which not only prevent the developing countries from getting greater quantities of their goods into the markets of developed countries but also have a great influence on the distribution of trade benefits , most of which have been gained by developed countries and the interests of developing countries have been severely damaged 发达国家对发展中国家具有比较优势的产品设置高的关税壁垒和形形色色的非关税壁垒，不仅严重妨碍了发展中国家向发达国家的出口，也影响了贸易利益分配，使更多的贸易利益向发达国家倾斜，严重损害了发展中国家的利益。如何采取有效措施打破发达国家的贸易壁垒，以获取更多的贸易利益，已经成为发展中国家面临的一个重要课题。
The article starts with the developing tendency of trade theory , proposing that trade policies in both developed countries and developing countries are a kind of strategic interference and develop from same roots . the new concept should be the mixture and improvement of the policies . this article has a try on them , an establishment of comparatively complete structure of strategic inter pose system , and proposal of several new concepts , such as sustainable competitive advantage 本文从战略视角的贸易理论的发展态势出发，指出无论是发达国家的战略贸易政策，还是发展中国家的贸易发展战略，其实质都是战略干预，他们应该具有共同的渊源， “新战略贸易观”应该是对他们的整合和发展，本文进行了一定的尝试，建立起了比较完整的战略干预体系框架；本文的创新点还有对比较优势理论与竞争优势理论的整合、以世界产业结构的梯度转移模型来论证一国贸易利益大小的根本原因、对影响一国竞争优势的新生产要素的扩展，并提出了持续竞争优势等几个新概念。
That is to say , if the enforcement of wto agreements incurs a serious injury or a threat to cause serious injury to a country , it can remedy the injury or prevent the threat by imposing restrictions on the import as an important trade policy measure to remedy injury and balance trade interests , safeguards have been paid more and more attention by all the wto members 其目的是允许任何一个成员方在特定的紧急情况下，为保障本国经济利益而解除wto中特定的义务，对因履行协定所造成的严重损害进行补救，或避免严重损害威胁可能产生的后果。保障措施作为损害救济、平衡贸易利益的重要贸易政策手段，其作用已受到wto成员的日益重视。
